ASTM_D_1974_-_D_1974M_-_22.pdf

Designation:D1974/D1974M22Standard Practice forMethods of Closing,Sealing,and Reinforcing FiberboardBoxes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1974/D1974M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This practice describes several methods for closing,sealing,and reinforcing fiberboard(solid and corrugated,excluding triple wall)shipping boxes used for shipment.Oneor several methods listed in this practice may be referenced inregulations,specifications,or contracts.(See Appendix forcross reference).1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.NOTE1This practice is intended to be workable in both inch-poundunits and SI units.Unit conversions are intended to be functional but arenot necessarily exact;this should not significantly affect the performanceof the closing,sealing,or reinforcing methods.Descriptions in inch-poundand SI units are considered interchangeable in this practice.NOTE2All references to this standard should be made by closurenumber.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D951 Test Method for Water Resistance of Shipping Con-tainers by Spray MethodD996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD3654/D3654M Test Methods for Shear Adhesion ofPressure-Sensitive TapesD3759/D3759M Test Method for Breaking Strength andElongation of Pressure-Sensitive TapeD3950 Specification for Strapping,Nonmetallic(and Join-ing Methods)D3953 Specification for Strapping,Flat Steel and SealsD4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-tainers and SystemsD4675 Guide for Selection and Use of Flat Strapping Ma-terials1D5118/D5118M Practice for Fabrication of Fiberboard Ship-ping BoxesD5330/D5330M Specification for Pressure-Sensitive Tapefor Packaging,Filament-ReinforcedD5486/D5486M Specification for Pressure-Sensitive Tapefor Packaging,Box Closure,and SealingD5570 Test Method for Water Resistance of Tape andAdhesives Used as Box ClosureD5749 Specification for Reinforced and Plain GummedTape for Sealing and SecuringF592 Terminology of Collated and Cohered Fasteners andTheir Application Tools(Withdrawn 2017)31This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packagingand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.27 on Fiberboard ShippingContainers,Containerboard and Related Structures and Materials.Current edition approved May 1,2022.Published July 2022.Originally approvedin 1991.Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D1974/D1974M 16.DOI:10.1520/D1974_D1974M22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.12.2 U.S.Government Documents:4A-A-59692 Adhesive,Water Resistant(For Closure of Fi-berboard Boxes)2.3 Other Standards:InternationalFiberboard Case Code5NOTE3FEFCO5established a code of box styles to facilitateinternational trade.The box codes consist of four-digit numbers;forexample,a regular slotted container was assigned the code 0201.2.4 Other Publications:Uniform Freight Classification63.Terminology3.1 General definitions for packaging and distribution envi-ronments are found in Terminology D996.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 crownstaple end opposite staple point,connectingboth s