ASTM_D_2111_-_10_2015.pdf

Designation:D211110(Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Methods forSpecific Gravity and Density of Halogenated OrganicSolvents and Their Admixtures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2111;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of thespecific gravity of halogenated organic solvents and solventadmixtures.They define suitable apparatus and procedures andfurnish details underlying the interpretation of test data and theselection of numerical limits for agreement among interestedpersons and agencies.1.2 Three methods are covered as follows:1.2.1 Method A,specific gravity by means of a hydrometer.1.2.2 Method B,specific gravity and density by means of apycnometer.NOTE1In referee problems,Method B may be used.1.2.3 Method C,specific gravity and density by means of anelectronic densitometer.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E100 Specification for ASTM HydrometersE2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 densitythe mass of a given material per unit volume.3.1.1.1 DiscussionDensity for chlorinated solvents is nor-mally stated in grams per cubic centimetre.Pounds per gallonis also commonly used.3.1.2 specific gravitythe ratio of the mass in air of a givenvolume of the material at a stated temperature to the mass in airof an equal volume of distilled water at a stated temperature.3.1.2.1 DiscussionWhen the temperature of the materialand of the water are the same,the specific gravity of thematerial is expressed as follows:Specific gravity x/xC,example 25/25C(1)When the temperature of the material and of the waterare not the same,the specific gravity of the material isexpressed as follows:Specific gravity x/yC,example 20/4C(2)Note that when the density of water is expressed as4C,the specific gravity at the stated temperature is thesame as density at the stated temperature.For example,SG 20/4C=density at 20C.When using an electronic densitometer to determinespecific gravity,the temperature of the material to betested and the water reference will be the same.Examples25/25C,20/20C.4.Significance and Use4.1 The density or specific gravity of a pure chlorinatedsolvent at a given temperature is constant.Density or specificgravity can be used in identification of materials,the assay ofbinary mixtures,and as an indication of purity of a givensolvent.5.Test Temperatures5.1 ASTM specifications normally state the temperaturesfor specific gravity of halogenated organic solvents at 25/25C.20/20C and 15.56/15.56C are other commonly used tempera-tures.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D26 onHalogenated Organic Solvents and Fire Extinguishing Agents and are the directresponsibility of Subcommittee D26.04 on Test Methods.Current edition approved June 1,2015.Published June 2015.Originallyapproved in 1962.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2111 10.DOI:10.1520/D2111-10R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 METHOD ASPECIFIC GRAVITY BY MEANSOF A HYDROMETER6.Apparatus6.1 HydrometerThe hydrometers to be used shall be thosespecified in Specification E100,as follows:Nominal Specific Gravity RangeASTM Hydrometer No.0.900 to 0.950107H0.950 to 1.000108H1.000 to 1.050125H1.050 to 1.100126H1.100 to 1.150127H1.150 to 1.200128H1.200 to 1.250129H1.250 to 1.300130H1.300 to 1.350131H1.350 to 1.400132H1.400 to 1.450133H1.450 to 1.500134H1.500 to 1.550135H1.550 to 1.600136H1.600 to 1.650137H6.2 Hydrometer CylinderThe vessel in which the samplefor the gravity test is confined shall be made of clear glass andshall be cylindrical in shape.For convenience in pouring,itmay have a lip on the rim.The inside diameter shall be at least25.0 mm greater than the outside diameter of the hydrometerused in it.The height of the cylinder shall be such that thelength of the column of sample it contains is greater by at least25.0 mm than the portion