ASTM_D_176_-_00.pdf

Designation:D 176 00An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forSolid Filling and Treating Compounds Used for ElectricalInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 176;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover physical and electrical testsfor solid filling and treating compounds used for electricalinsulation which are fusible to a liquid without significantchemical reaction.Compounds that are converted to the solidstate by polymerization,condensation,or other chemical reac-tion are not included in these test methods.1.2 These test methods are designed primarily for asphalticor bituminous compounds,waxes,and fusible resins,or mix-tures thereof,although some of these methods are applicable tosemisolid types such as petrolatums.Special methods moresuitable for hydrocarbon waxes are contained in Test MethodsD 1168.1.3 Adequate ventilation must be provided when these testsinvolve heating.1.4 The test methods appear in the following sections:Test MethodSectionsElectrical Tests:A-C Loss Characteristics and Permittivity(Dielectric Constant)51-54Dielectric Strength42-45Volume Resistivity-Temperature Characteristics46-49Physical Tests:Coefficient of Expansion or Contraction22-41Flash and Fire Points9 and 10Loss on Heating11 and 12Melting Point5 and 6Penetration15 and 16Softening Point7 and 8Specific Gravity17-21Viscosity13 and 141.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazardstatements,see Note 4 and Note 7.NOTE1There is no similar or equivalent IEC or ISO standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials2D 6 Test Method for Loss on Heating of Oil and AsphalticCompounds3D 70 Test Method for Specific Gravity of Semi-Solid Bitu-minous Materials2D 71 Test Method for Relative Density of Solid Pitch andAsphalt(Displacement Method)4D 88 Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity3D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup4D 127 Test Method for Drop Melting Point of PetroleumWax,Including Petrolatum4D 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power Frequencies5D 150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Per-mittivity(Dielectric Constant)of Solid Electrical Insulat-ing Materials5D 257 Test Methods for D-C Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating Materials5D 937 Test Method for Cone Penetration of Petrolatum4D 1168 Test Methods for Hydrocarbon Waxes Used forElectrical Insulation5D 1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation5E 28 Test Method for Softening Point by Ring-and-BallApparatus6E 102 Test Method for Saybolt Furol Viscosity of Bitumi-nous Materials at High Temperatures33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 dielectric strength,nthe voltage gradient at whichdielectric failure of the insulating material occurs under spe-cific conditions of test.1These methods of testing are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.01 on Electrical Insulating Varnishes,Powders,and Encapsu-lating Compounds.Current edition approved Nov.10,2000.Published February 2001.Originallypublished as D 176 23 T.Last previous edition D 176 96.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.03.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.04.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.01.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 10.01.6Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 06.03.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.3.1.2 For definitions of other terms relating to electricalinsulation see Terminology D 1711.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 loss on heating,n of filling or treating compound,the change in weight of a compound when heated underprescribed conditions at a standard temperature for a specifiedtime.3.2.2 melting point,n of filling or treating compound,thetemperature at which the compound becomes sufficiently fluidto drop from the thermometer used in making the determina-tion under prescribed conditions.3.2.3 penetration,n of filling or treating compound,thedistance traveled by a standard needle(or cone)as it pierces aspecimen under specified conditions of load,time and tempera-ture.3.2.4 softening point,n of filling or treating compound,the t