ASTM_D_1934_-_20.pdf

Designation:D193420Standard Test Method forOxidative Aging of Electrical Insulating Liquids by Open-Beaker Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1934;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers two procedures for subjectingelectrical insulating liquids to oxidative aging:1.1.1 Procedure A,without a metal catalyst,and1.1.2 Procedure B,with a metal catalyst.1.2 This test method is applicable to insulating liquids usedas impregnating or pressure media in electrical power trans-mission cables if less than 10%of the insulating liquidevaporates during the aging procedures.It applies and isgenerally useful primarily in the evaluation and quality controlof unused insulating liquids,either inhibited or uninhibited.1.3 This test method is applicable to study the long-termbehavior of an insulating liquid being considered for freebreathing transformers.An unsealed vessel aging procedure,inpresence of air or oxygen,allows greatly increased oxidationrate of the liquid.This procedure is rapid and provides acontrolled thermal stress assessment.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 An open beaked test shall only be carried out on liquidswith flash points at or above 130C or 15C above the oventemperature.This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.See 7.5 for a specific warning statement.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating LiquidsD924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor(or Power Factor)and Relative Permittivity(Dielectric Constant)of Electri-cal Insulating LiquidsD971 Test Method for Interfacial Tension of InsulatingLiquids Against Water by the Ring MethodD974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator TitrationD1169 Test Method for Specific Resistance(Resistivity)ofElectrical Insulating LiquidsE145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation OvensE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 metal catalystany metal(for example,copper)thateither increases the rate of oxidation of the liquid or reacts withthe oxidation products to increase insulating liquid dielectricloss.3.1.2 oxidative agingexposure of insulating liquid to oxy-gen under certain specified conditions.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A 300 mL volume of insulating liquid,contained in 400mL beaker is aged for 96 h in a circulating-air oven controlledat 115C,either with or without the presence of catalyst.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 onElectrical Insulating Liquids and Gasesand is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D27.06 on Chemical Test.Current edition approved Dec.1,2020.Published December 2020.Originallyapproved in 1962.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1934 95(2012).DOI:10.1520/D1934-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.15.Significance and Use5.1 Open-beaker oxidative aging methods have been usedfor many years in laboratories of insulating liquid companies,electrical equipment manufacturers,and electric utility compa-nies interested in the stability of electrical insulating liquidsunder oxidative conditions.They are particularly useful as acheck on the continuity of production and shipment of