ASTM_D_4131_-_19.pdf

Designation:D413119Standard Practice forSampling Fish with Rotenone1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4131;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers determination of the quantitativeand qualitative species composition of fish in a specified area.The successful use of this technique is dependent on:(1)preventing fish from escaping the sample area and(2)retriev-ing all affected fish,which may take up to three days.1.2 Advantages:1.2.1 Easily detoxified.1.2.2 All native freshwater fish are susceptible,but it haslow toxicity to mammals and birds.1.2.3 At low concentrations fish toxicity depends onspecies,age,and size.1.2.4 The suffocating action is reversible.1.3 Limitations:1.3.1 It is less effective in cold(below 20C)and highlyalkaline water.1.3.2 Smaller fish and those without air bladders usually donot float.1.3.3 Completely random selection of sample areas is notpossible.1.3.4 Overkill beyond sample area can sometimes occur.1.3.5 Food web organisms may be eliminated.1.4 ApplicationsThis practice is useful in both short-andlong-term studies for management and impact assessmentpurposes.It is adaptable to both lotic and lentic situations inlittoral and limnetic areas.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazards,see Section 7.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent Water3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,refer toTerminology D1129.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 lentic,nof or relating to aquatic environment whereto standing waters,such as ponds,lakes,or reservoirs.3.2.2 limnetic,nopen deep waters of a body of freshwater.3.2.3 littorial,nsituated or growing on or near the shore ofa large body of water.3.2.4 lotic,nof or relating to aquatic environment wherethere is fast moving waters.4.Summary of Practice4.1 The sample area is blocked off with a small mesh net(s)and the volume of water to be treated is calculated.Therequired quantity of rotenone is diluted and distributedthroughout the water column in the sample area.All fish shouldbe affected and they should be collected for processing(1).35.Apparatus5.1 Vessels,for measuring and mixing rotenone and forcollecting fish.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.24 on Water Microbiology.Current edition approved April 1,2019.Published April 2019.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition addition approved in 2014 as D4131 84(2014).DOI:10.1520/D4131-19.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end ofthis standard.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 5.2 Chemical Applicator,for boat use.5.2.1 Venturi Siphon or Automatic Boat Bailer that attachesto outboard motors cavatation plate.5.2.2 Gasoline-Powered Pump and Weighted PerforatedHose.5.3 Block-Off Net(s)14-in.(6.4-mm)bar mesh for lake-reservoir and small stream use or34to 1-in.(19 to 25-mm)barmesh for larger streams).5.4 Dip Nets,for collecting fish.5.5 Flat-Bottom Boats,12 to 14-ft(3.6 to 4.3-m)or larger.6.Reagents6.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended thatall reagents conform to the specif