Designation:D4131−19StandardPracticeforSamplingFishwithRotenone1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD4131;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thispracticecoversdeterminationofthequantitativeandqualitativespeciescompositionoffishinaspecifiedarea.Thesuccessfuluseofthistechniqueisdependenton:(1)preventingfishfromescapingthesampleareaand(2)retriev-ingallaffectedfish,whichmaytakeuptothreedays.1.2Advantages:1.2.1Easilydetoxified.1.2.2Allnativefreshwaterfisharesusceptible,butithaslowtoxicitytomammalsandbirds.1.2.3Atlowconcentrationsfishtoxicitydependsonspecies,age,andsize.1.2.4Thesuffocatingactionisreversible.1.3Limitations:1.3.1Itislesseffectiveincold(below20°C)andhighlyalkalinewater.1.3.2Smallerfishandthosewithoutairbladdersusuallydonotfloat.1.3.3Completelyrandomselectionofsampleareasisnotpossible.1.3.4Overkillbeyondsampleareacansometimesoccur.1.3.5Foodweborganismsmaybeeliminated.1.4Applications—Thispracticeisusefulinbothshort-andlong-termstudiesformanagementandimpactassessmentpurposes.Itisadaptabletobothloticandlenticsituationsinlittoralandlimneticareas.1.5Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.ThevaluesgiveninparenthesesaremathematicalconversionstoSIunitsthatareprovidedforinformationonlyandarenotconsideredstandard.1.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafety,health,andenvironmentalpracticesanddeter-minetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Forspecifichazards,seeSection7.1.7Thisinternationalstandardwasdevelopedinaccor-dancewithinternationallyrecognizedprinciplesonstandard-izationestablishedintheDecisiononPrinciplesfortheDevelopmentofInternationalStandards,GuidesandRecom-mendationsissu...
