ASTM_D_2533_-_99.pdf

Designation:D 2533 99An American National StandardStandard Test Method forVapor-Liquid Ratio of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2533;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring thevolume of vapor formed at atmospheric pressure from a givenvolume of gasoline.The ratio of these volumes is expressed asthe vapor-liquid(V/L)ratio of the gasoline at the temperatureof the test.1.2 Dry glycerol can be used as the containing liquid fornonoxygenated fuels.1.3 Mercury can be used as the containing liquid with bothoxygenated and nonoxygenated fuels.Because oxygenates infuels may be partially soluble in glycerol,gasoline-oxygenateblends must be tested using mercury as the containing fluid.NOTE1Test Method D 4815 can be used to determine the presence ofoxygenates in fuels.21.4 The values stated in both inch-pound and SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard.The units given inparentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazardstatements,see Section 7 and Note 11.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products3D 4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE,ETBE,TAME,DIPE,tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1to C4Alco-hols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography3D 5188 Test Method for Vapor-Liquid Ratio TemperatureDetermination of Fuels(Evacuated Chamber Method)3E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers43.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 T(V/L=20),nthe equilibrium temperature at whichthe partial pressure of a sample under test conditions is equalto 101.3 kPa(14.69 psia)and the vapor-liquid ratio is 20.3.1.2 vapor-liquid ratio of a fuel,nthe ratio,at a specifiedtemperature and pressure,of the volume of vapor in equilib-rium with liquid to the volume of liquid sample charged,at 0C(32F).NOTE2This ratio differs from the absolute vapor-liquid ratio becausecorrections are not made for(1)liquid sample expansion with increasingtemperature,(2)decrease in liquid sample volume by vaporization,and(3)dissolved air in the liquid sample.4.Summary of Test Method54.1 A measured volume of liquid fuel at 32 to 40F(0 to4C)is introduced through a rubber septum into a glycerol ormercury filled buret.The charged buret is placed in atemperature-controlled water bath.The volume of vapor inequilibrium with liquid fuel is measured as the desired tem-perature or temperatures and the specified pressure,usually760 mm Hg.The vapor-liquid ratio(V/L)is then calculated.4.2 If it is desired to know the temperature corresponding toa given V/L,the vapor-liquid ratio is determined at severaltemperatures and the selected pressure.The results are plottedand the temperature read at the given V/L.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.08 on Volatility.Current edition approved Dec.10,1998 and Jan.10,1999.Published March1999.Originally published as D 2533 66T.Last previous edition D 2533 96.In 1967,this method was adopted as standard without revision.2Test Method D 5188 is applicable to both gasoline and gasoline-oxygenateblends for measuring this property and does not require the use of mercury.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.03.5Another procedure for measuring the vapor-liquid ratio of gasoline,whichgives equivalent results,and employing the Sunbury Vapor-Liquid Ratio Apparatus,is described in Appendix VII,p.783,1964 Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Part17.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.5.Significance and Use5.1 The tendency of a fuel to vaporize in common automo-bile fuel systems is indicated by the vapor-liquid ratio of thatfuel at conditions approximating those in critical parts of thefuel systems.6.Apparatus6.1 V/L Buret,6constructed of borosilicate glass accordingto the dimensions shown in Fig.1.The short bottom arm isclosed with a rubber serum bottle stopper that is alcoholresistant;U.S.Army Medical Corps type.6.2 Pressure Control Equipment,including the following:6.2.1 A 250-mL leveling bulb containing dry glycerol ormercury,attached to the V/L buret by