ASTM_D_202_-_08.pdf

Designation:D20208Standard Test Methods forSampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for ElectricalInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D202;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling andtesting untreated paper to be used as an electrical insulator oras a constituent of a composite material used for electricalinsulating purposes.1.1.1 Untreated papers are thin,fibrous sheets normally laiddown from a water suspension of pulped fibers(usuallycellulosic),which may contain various amounts of nonfibrousingredients,and which are calendared,if required,to obtaindesired thickness and density.Nevertheless,these test methodsare applicable,generally although not invariably,to papersformed by other means,to papers modified(during or afterformation)by additions,and to papers given subsequentmechanical treatments such as creping.1.1.2 As an electrical insulating and dielectric material,paper is considered“untreated”until it is subjected to amanufacturing process such as drying,impregnation,or var-nish treatment.1.1.3 The test methods given herein were developed spe-cifically for papers having a thickness of 0.75 mm(0.030 in.)or less.Anumber of these test methods are also suitable for useon other materials such as pulps or boards.Refer to TestMethods D3376 or Methods D3394 to determine which testsare applicable to pulps or electrical insulating boards.In thepaper industry,some products in thicknesses of less than 0.75mm are termed“paperboard”.Such products are includedwithin the scope of these methods.1.1.4 These test methods are applicable to flexible fibrous-mat materials formed from suspensions of fiber in fluids otherthan water.These mats may have thicknesses approaching 2mm,and may contain fibers that are natural,synthetic,organic,or inorganic;fillers that are natural,synthetic,organic,orinorganic;and flexible polymeric binder materials.1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:ProcedureSectionsASTM or TAPPIReference(Modified)Absorption(Rise of Water)78 to 83.Acidity-Alkalinity-pH45 to 54E70Air Resistance98 to 101D726Aqueous Extract Conductivity55 to 64.Ash Content40 to 44D586Bursting Strength102 to 107D774/D774MChlorides(Water-Extractable)165 to 183.Conditioning15D6054Conducting Paths138 to 151.Density,Apparent29 to 33.Dielectric Strength152 to 157D149Dimensions of Sheet,Rolls andCores16 to 24D374Dissipation Factor and Permittivity158 to 164D150Edge-Tearing Resistance126 to 130D827Fiber Analysis74 to 77D1030Folding Endurance108 to 110T 423 and D2176Grammage25 to 28D646Permittivity158 to 164D150Heat Stability in Air131 to 137D827Impregnation Time84 to 91.Internal-Tearing Resistance121 to 125D689 or T414Moisture Content34 to 39D644 and D3277Particulate Copper193 to 202.Particulate Iron184 to 192.Reagents4D1193Reports14E29Sampling6 to 13D3636Silver Tarnishing by Paper andPaperboard203 to 206T 444Solvent-Soluble Matter65 to 73.Surface Friction92 to 97D528 and T455Tensile Properties111 to 120D76,E4Thickness(see Dimensions)16 to 24D3741.3 The tests for Holes and Felt Hair Inclusions and theStain Test for Fine Pores,have been removed from thiscompilation of test methods.These test methods were specificto grades of capacitor paper formerly covered by SpecificationD1930,which has been withdrawn.NOTE1This compilation of test methods is closely related to IECPublication 60554-2.Not all of the individual methods included herein areincluded in IEC 60554-2,nor are all of the methods in IEC 60554-2included in this standard.The individual procedures as described in thetwo standards are in general sufficiently close to each other that it isreasonable to expect that test results obtained by most of the proceduresspecified in either standard will not differ significantly.However,beforeassuming that a procedure in these test methods is exactly equivalent to anIEC 60554-2 procedure,the written procedures should be compared1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.19 on Dielectric Sheet and Roll Products.Current edition approved May 1,2008.Published June 2008.Originallyapproved in 1924.Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D202 97(2002)1.DOI:10.1520/D0202-08.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 closely,and if it seems advisable,test results by the two procedures shouldbe compared.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The v