ASTM_D_2171_-_D_2171M_-_10.pdf

Designation:D2171/D2171M10Standard Test Method forViscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viscometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2171/D2171M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the cooperating societies in accordance withestablished procedures.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determina-tion of viscosity of asphalt binder(bitumen)by vacuumcapillary viscometers at 60C 140F.It is applicable tomaterials having viscosities in the range from 0.0036 to over20 000 Pa s 0.036 to over 200 000 P.NOTE1This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures,butthe precision is based on determinations on asphalt binders at 60C140F.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 WarningMercury has been designated by the UnitedStates Environmental ProtectionAgency(EPA)and many stateagencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervoussystem,kidney and liver damage.Mercury,or its vapor,may behazardous to health and corrosive to materials.Caution shouldbe taken when handling mercury and mercury containingproducts.See the applicable product Material Safety DataSheet(MSDS)for details and EPAs websitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information.Users should be aware that selling mercury,mercury-containing products,or both,into your state may be prohibitedby state law.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-mometers3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Newtonian liquida liquid in which the rate of shearis proportional to the shearing stress.The constant ratio of theshearing stress to the rate of shear is the viscosity of the liquid.If the ratio is not constant,the liquid is non-Newtonian.3.1.2 viscositythe ratio between the applied shear stressand rate of shear is called the coefficient of viscosity.Thiscoefficient is thus a measure of the resistance to flow of theliquid.It is commonly called the viscosity of the liquid.The SIunit of viscosity is 1 Pa s(1 Ns/m2)and is called aPascal-second.The cgs unit of viscosity is 1 g/cms(1dynes/cm2)and is called a poise(P).1 Pa s is equivalent to10 P.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The time is measured for a fixed volume of the liquid tobe drawn up through a capillary tube by means of vacuum,under closely controlled conditions of vacuum and tempera-ture.The viscosity in Pascal-seconds is calculated by multi-plying the flow time in seconds by the viscometer calibrationfactor.NOTE2The rate of shear decreases as the liquid moves up the tube,or it can also be varied by the use of different vacuum or different sizeviscometers.Thus,this method is suitable for the measurement ofviscosities of Newtonian(simple)and non-Newtonian(complex)liquids.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 onRheological Tests.In the IP this test method is under the jurisdiction of theStandardization Committee.Current edition approved June 1,2010.Published August 2010.Originallyapproved in 1963.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D2171 071.DOI:10.1520/D2171-10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Significance and Use5.1 The viscosity at 60C 140F characterizes flow behav-ior and may be used for specification requirements for cutbacksand asphalt binders.6.Apparatus6.1 Viscometers,capillary-type,made of borosilicate glass,annealed,suitable for this test are as follows:6.1.1 Cannon-Manning Vacuum Viscometer(CMVV),asdescribed in Appendix X1.6.1.2 Asphalt Institute Vacuum Viscometer(AIVV),as de-scribed in Appendix X2.6.1.