ASTM_D_1777_-_96_2019.pdf

Designation:D177796(Reapproved 2019)Standard Test Method forThickness of Textile Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1777;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thick-ness of most textile materials.1.2 This test method applies to most fabrics includingwoven fabrics,air bag fabrics,blankets,napped fabrics,knittedfabrics,layered fabrics,and pile fabrics.The fabrics may beuntreated,heavily sized,coated,resin-treated,or otherwisetreated.Instructions are provided for testing thickness,exceptas provided for in another standard such as listed in Section 2.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values stated in inch-pound may be approximate.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2904 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile TestMethod that Produces Normally Distributed Data(With-drawn 2008)3D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias forTextiles(Withdrawn 2008)33.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of textile terms used in thistest method,see Terminology D123.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:cross-machine direction,machine direction,pressure,andthickness.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A specimen is placed on the base of a thickness gaugeand a weighted presser foot lowered.The displacement be-tween the base and the presser foot is measured as the thicknessof the specimen.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-tance testing of commercial shipments since current estimatesof between-laboratory precision are acceptable,and this testmethod is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences inreported test results when using this test method for acceptancetesting of commercial shipments,the purchaser and the sup-plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there isa statistical bias between their laboratories.Competent statis-tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.As a minimum,the two parties should take a group of testspecimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that arefrom a lot of material of the type in question.Test specimensthen should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to eachlaboratory for testing.The average results from the twolaboratories should be compared using the appropriate statis-tical analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen by thetwo parties before testing is begun.If a bias is found,either itscause must be found and corrected,or the purchaser and thesupplier must agree to interpret future test results with consid-eration to the known bias.5.2 Thickness is one of the basic physical properties oftextile materials.In certain industrial applications,the thick-ness may require rigid control within specified limits.Bulk andwarmth properties of textile materials are often estimated fromtheir thickness values,and thickness is also useful in measuringsome performance characteristics,such as before and afterabrasion and shrinkage.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,General.Current edition approved July 1,2019.Published August 2019.Originallyapproved in 1960.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D1777 96(2015).DOI:10.1520/D1777-96R19.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Internationa