ASTM_D_4157_-_13.pdf

Designation:D415713Standard Test Method forAbrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Oscillatory CylinderMethod)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4157;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abra-sion resistance of woven textile fabrics using the oscillatorycylinder tester.This test method may not be usable for somefabric constructions.NOTE1Other procedures for measuring the abrasion resistance oftextile fabrics are given in:Guides D3884 and D4158,and Test MethodsD3885,D3886,and AATCC 93.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard;the values in English units are provided as informa-tion only and are not exact equivalents.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD3884 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Rotary Platform,Double-Head Method)D3885 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Flexing and Abrasion Method)D3886 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Inflated Diaphragm Apparatus)D4158 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Uniform Abrasion)D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric TestMethodsD5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics(Grab Test)D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics(Strip Method)2.2 Other Document:AATCC 93 Abrasion Resistance of Fabrics:AccelerotorMethod33.Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.59,Fabric TestMethods,General,refer to Terminology D4850.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:abrasion,abrasion cycle,in abrasion testing,breaking force,double-rub,in oscillatory cylinder abrasion testing.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles,refer toTerminology D123.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Abrasion resistance is measured by subjecting the speci-men to unidirectional rubbing action under known conditionsof pressure,tension,and abrasive action.Resistance to abra-sion is evaluated by various means which are described inSection 12.5.Significance and Use5.1 The measurement of the resistance to abrasion of textileand other materials is very complex.The resistance to abrasionis affected by many factors,such as the inherent mechanicalproperties of the fibers;the dimensions of the fibers;thestructure of the yarns;the construction of the fabrics;and thetype,kind,and amount of finishing material added to the fibers,yarns,or fabric.5.2 The resistance to abrasion is also greatly affected by theconditions of the tests,such as the nature of abradant;variableaction of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded,thetension of the specimen,the pressure between the specimenand abradant,and the dimensional changes in the specimen.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,Specific.Current edition approved July 1,2013.Published August 2013.Originallyapproved in 1982.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4157 10.DOI:10.1520/D4157-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists,P.O.Box 12215,Research Triangle Park,NC 27709.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.3 Abrasion tests are all subject to variation due to changesin the abradant during specific tests.The abradant mustaccordingly be changed at frequent intervals or checkedperiodically against a standard.With disposable abradants,theabradant is used only once or changed after limited use.Withpermanent abradants that use hardened metal or equivalentsurfaces,it is assumed that the abradant will not changeappreciably in a specific series of tests,but obviously similarabradants used in different laboratories will not likely change atthe same rate due to differences in usage.Permanent abradantsmay also change due to pick up of finishing or other materialfrom test fabrics and must accordingly be cleaned at frequentintervals.The measurement of the relative amount of abrasionmay also be affected by the method of evaluation