ASTM_D_1810_-_94.pdf

Designation:D 1810 94Standard Test Method forSpecific Gravity of Askarels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1810;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes the measurement of thespecific gravity(relative density)of askarels.Askarels areliquids containing chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons used aselectrical insulation and coolant in transformers and capacitors.This test method applies to those askarels remaining in servicewhich contain polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs).The testmethod may also be applied to unused or in-service non-PCBaskarels,which have been introduced as replacements in theseapplications.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 923 Test Method for Sampling Electrical InsulatingLiquids2E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers33.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 specific gravity(relative density)of an askareltheratio of the masses of equal volume of askarel and water.Foraskarels of low viscosity,both masses are determined with theliquid at a temperature of 60F(15.56C),and both weights arecorrected for the buoyant effect of air.This characteristic isexpressed as“Specific Gravity 60/60F”wherein the first 60Frefers to the temperature of the askarel and the second 60Frefers to the temperature of the water.For askarels of highviscosity,which cannot be tested at 60F,the standard testtemperature is 194F(90C)and the specific gravity is re-corded as 194/60F.4.Significance and Use4.1 Low-viscosity askarels are frequently sold on the basisof volume delivered at 60F.Delivery is often made on thebasis of new weight of product in drums,and the specificgravities are often measured at temperatures other than 60F.The value of specific gravity at 60F must be known tocompute the volume at 60F of the askarel delivered.4.2 The specific gravity may be indicative of composition ofthe askarels.5.Apparatus5.1 HydrometerUse a hydrometer of the conventionalfloating glass type,calibrated in terms of specific gravity.Therange of the instrument shall be any suitable portion of theinterval between 1.0000 and 2.0000,with the scale divided in0.001 of a unit of specific gravity,and the scale divisionsspaced not less than 0.75 mm(0.03 in.)nor more than 1.5 mm(0.06 in.)apart.The scale shall be so marked that it can beeasily read,and the accuracy of the calibration of the hydrom-eter shall be such that the error at any point of the scale shallnot exceed 0.0005.5.2 Hydrometer CylinderUse a clear glass cyclindricalreceptacle to test the liquid.The inside diameter of the cylindershall be at least 2.54 cm(1.0 in.)greater than the outsidediameter of the hydrometer,and the height of the cylinder shallbe such that the column of liquid under test exceeds by at least2.54 cm the submerged portion of the hydrometer after a stateof equilibrium has been reached.5.3 ThermometerUse an ASTM thermometer of the totalimmersion type and conforming to the requirements prescribedin Specifications E 1,to take the temperature of the liquidunder test.5.4 Temperature-Control ApparatusProvide suitable ap-paratus for controlling the temperature of the liquid under testto 60 6 1F(15.56 6 0.56C)or 194 6 1F(90 6 0.56C).This may consist of a liquid bath,into which the hydrometercylinder is placed,or a conditioning chamber in whichtemperature-controlled air is the regulating medium.6.Sampling6.1 Obtain the sample of askarel in accordance with TestMethod D 923.7.Procedure7.1 Determine the specific gravity of the askarel at atemperature of 60F(15.56C)or 194F(90C).Pour the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-27 onElectrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D27.07 on Physical Tests.Current edition approved July 15,1994.Published September 1994.Originallypublished as D 1810 60.Last previous edition D 1810 88.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 10.03.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.03.1AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS100 Barr Harbor Dr.,West Conshohocken,PA 19428Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.Copyright ASTMNOTICE:Thisstandardhaseitherbeensupersededandreplacedbyanewversionordiscontinued.ContactASTMInternational(www.astm.org)forthelatestinformation.sample to be tested into the clean hydrometer cylinder withoutsplashing,so as to avoid,as much as possible,the formation ofair bubble