ASTM_D_4317_-_16.pdf

Designation:D431716Standard Specification forPolyvinyl Acetate-Based Emulsion Adhesives1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4317;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThis specification is a replacement for Federal Specification MMM-A-180C,Class B,August 6,1979,Adhesive,Vinyl Acetate Resin Emulsion,which superseded MMM-A-193C,October 26,1967.It has been expanded to include the more water-resistant polyvinyl acetate-based adhesives now on themarket,in addition to the less water-resistant ones formerly covered by the Federal Specification.1.Scope*1.1 This specification covers polyvinyl acetate or polyvinylacetate copolymer resin emulsion adhesives suitable for use onwood,wood-based substrates,or plastic laminates.It does notcover the group of polyvinyl-based adhesives which aresuitable for bonding flexible films.1.2 The adhesives are classified at three performance levelsin accordance with water-resistance as shown in Table 1 andTable 2.See Section 5 for a description of the expectedexposure conditions for each class of adhesive.See Table X1.1for a classification of typical end products that are manufac-tured using adhesives at the three performance levels coveredby this specification.1.3 The following index is provided as a guide to the testmethods portion of this specification:SectionTests for Physical Properties9Viscosity9.1.1Density9.1.2Nonvolatiles9.1.3pH9.1.4Tests for Adhesive Bond10Block Shear Strength,Compression10.2Plywood Shear Tests10.31.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parenthesis are for informationpurposes only.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion,Sections 9 and 10,of this specification:This standard does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D905 Test Method for Strength Properties of AdhesiveBonds in Shear by Compression LoadingD906 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives inPlywood Type Construction in Shear by Tension LoadingD907 Terminology of AdhesivesD1084 Test Methods for Viscosity of AdhesivesD1490 Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Urea-Formaldehyde Resin SolutionsD1875 Test Method for Density of Adhesives in Fluid FormD2556 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of AdhesivesHaving Shear-Rate-Dependent Flow Properties Using Ro-tational ViscometryE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With theGlass ElectrodeE1953 Practice for Description of Thermal Analysis andRheology Apparatus1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on WoodAdhesives.Current edition approved May 1,2016.Published May 2016.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4317 98(2011).DOI:10.1520/D4317-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at service.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 2.2 Federal Standards:Fed.Std.No.123 Marking for Shipment(Civil Agencies)3PPP-C-96 Cans,Metal,28-Gauge and Lighter3PPP-D-723 Drums,Fiber3PPP-D-729 Drums,Shipping and Storage,Steel,55 gal(208 L)32.3 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Many terms in this specification are defined in Termi-nology D907.3.1.2 emulsion,na two-phase liquid system in whichsmall droplets of one liquid(the internal phase)are immisciblein,and are dispersed uniformly throughout,a second continu-ous liquid phase(the external phase).3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe internal phase is sometimes de-scribed as the disperse phase.3.1.3 latex,na stable dispersion of polymeric substance inan essentially aqueous medium.3.1.4 polyvinyl acetate emulsion adhesive,na latex adhe-sive in which the polymeric portion comprises polyvinylacetate,copolymers based mainly on polyvinyl acetate,or amixture of these,and which may contain modifiers andsecondary binders to provide specific properties.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 adhesive designation,nan adhesive that is manufac-tured by a unique combination of