ASTM_D_4107_-_20.pdf

Designation:D410720Standard Test Method forTritium in Drinking Water1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4107;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of tritium indrinking water by liquid scintillation counting of the tritiumbeta particle activity.1.2 This test method is used successfully with drinkingwater.It is the users responsibility to ensure the validity of thistest method for untested water matrices.1.3 The tritium concentrations,which can be measured bythis test method utilizing currently available liquid scintillationinstruments,range from less than 0.037 Bq/mL(1 pCi/mL)to555 Bq/mL(15 000 pCi/mL)for a 10-mL sample aliquot.Higher tritium concentrations can be measured by diluting orusing smaller sample aliquots,or both.1.4 The maximum contaminant level for tritium in drinkingwater as given by the United States Environmental ProtectionAgency(U.S.EPA)National Primary Drinking Water Regula-tions(NPDWR)is 0.740 Bq/mL(20 pCi/mL).The NPDWRlists a required detection limit for tritium in drinking water of0.037 Bq/mL(1 pCi/mL),meaning that drinking watersupplies,where required,should be monitored for tritium at asensitivity of 0.037 Bq/mL(1 pCi/mL).In Appendix X1,EqX1.3 is given for determining the necessary counting time tomeet the required sensitivity for drinking water monitoring.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing ProcessStreamsD3648 Practices for the Measurement of RadioactivityD7902 Terminology for Radiochemical Analyses2.2 Other Documents:ANSI N42.22 Traceability of Radioactive Sources to theNational Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)and Associated Instrument Quality Control3BIPM-5 Decay Data Evaluation Project(DDEP)4NUDAT253.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,refer toTerminology D1129.3.1.2 For definitions of terms used in this standard relatingto radiochemical analysis,refer to Terminology D7902.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A 100-mL drinking water sample aliquot is treated witha small amount of sodium hydroxide and potassiumpermanganate,distilled,and a specified fraction of the distillateis collected for tritium analysis.The alkaline treatment pre-vents other radionuclides,such as radioiodine and radiocarbonfrom distilling over with the tritium.Some drinking watersupplies will contain trace quantities of organic compounds,1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.04 on Methods of Radiochemi-cal Analysis.Current edition approved July 1,2020.Published July 2020.Originally approvedin 1991.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4107 08(2013).DOI:10.1520/D4107-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,Inc.(IEEE),445 Hoes Ln.,Piscataway,NJ 08854-4141,http:/www.ieee.org.4Available from BIPM,Svres Cedex,France,https:/www.bipm.org.5Available from National Nuclear Data Center at Brookhaven NationalLaboratory,W Princeton Ave,Yaphank,NY 11980,http:/www.nndc.bnl.gov.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.especially surface water sources that contain fish and other life.The