ASTM_D_2419_-_22.pdf

Designation:D241922Standard Test Method forSand Equivalent Value of Soils and Fine Aggregate1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2419;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method is intended to serve as a rapid fieldcorrelation test.The purpose of this test method is to indicate,under standard conditions,the relative proportions of clay-sizeor plastic fines and dust in granular soils and fine aggregatesthat pass the 4.75 mm(No.4)sieve.The term“sand equiva-lent”expresses the concept that most granular soils and somefine aggregates are mixtures of desirable coarse particles,sand-size particles,and generally undesirable clay or plasticfines and dust.NOTE1For fine aggregates containing clean dust of fracture(clay-sizeparticles that are not clay minerals),test results will depend on the amountof fines present in the material.In this case,other tests such as MethyleneBlue Value(AASHTO T 330)or X-ray diffraction(XRD)may be neededto determine if the fines are deleterious.NOTE2Some agencies perform the test on material with a top sizesmaller than the 4.75 mm(No.4)sieve.This is done to avoid trapping theclay-size or plastic fines and dust below flaky shaped 4.75 to 2.36 mm(No.4 to 8)sized particles.Testing smaller top sized material may lowerthe numerical results of the test.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.2.1 Regarding sieves,per Specification E11 subsection1.3,“the values stated in SI units shall be considered standardfor the dimensions of the sieve cloth openings and the wirediameter used in the sieve cloth.The values stated in inch-pound units shall be considered standard with regard to thesieve frames,pans,and covers.”When sieve mesh sizes arereferenced,the alternate inch-pound designations are providedfor information purposes and enclosed in parentheses.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures)shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC702/C702M Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregateto Testing SizeD75/D75M Practice for Sampling AggregatesD653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving MaterialsE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves2.2 AASHTO Standard:3T 176 Standard Method of Test for Plastic Fines in GradedAggregates and Soils by Use of Sand Equivalent Test3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 clay sizethat portion of the soil or aggregate finerthan 0.002 mm(0.005 mm in some cases)(see TerminologyD653).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.51 onAggregate Tests.Current edition approved Sept.15,2022.Published September 2022.Originallyapproved in 1965.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D2419 14.DOI:10.1520/D2419-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials(AASHTO),444 N.Capitol St.,NW,Suite 249,Washington,DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendation