ASTM_D_4435_-_13e1.pdf

Designation:D4435131Standard Test Method forRock Bolt Anchor Pull Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4435;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorial corrections were made throughout in February 2014.1.Scope*1.1 The objective of this test method is to measure theworking and ultimate capacities of a rock bolt anchor.Thismethod does not measure the entire roof support system.Thismethod also does not include tests for pretensioned bolts ormine roof support system evaluation.1.2 This test method is applicable to mechanical,cementgrout,resin,(epoxy,polyester,and the like),or other similaranchor systems.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard.The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.Reporting oftest results in units other than inch-pound shall not be regardedas nonconformance with this test method.1.3.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is usedwhen dealing with inch-pound units.In this system,the pound(lbf)represents a unit of force(weight),while the unit for massis slugs.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated,in this standard are regarded as theindustry standard.In addition,they are representative of thesignificant digits that generally should be retained.The proce-dures used do not consider material variation,purpose forobtaining the data,special purpose studies,or any consider-ations for the users objectives;and it is common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considerations.It is beyond the scopeof this standard to consider significant digits used in analyticalmethods for engineering design.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalData3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of common technical termsin this standard,refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 displacementthe movement of the rock bolt head.3.2.2 failurein rock bolt testing,failure is defined as theinability of the anchor system or rock to sustain increased loadwithout rapidly increasing deformation.In some instances,thepeak load itself cannot be sustained.3.2.3 loadthe total axial force on the rock bolt.3.2.4 ultimate capacitythe maximum load sustained bythe anchor system.3.2.5 working capacitythe load on the anchor system atwhich significantly increasing displacement begins.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A rock bolt is installed in the same manner and in thesame material as its intended construction use.The bolt ispulled hydraulically and the displacement of the bolt head ismeasured concurrently.The bolt is pulled until the anchorsystem or rock fails.The ultimate and working capacities of thebolt are calculated from the plot of load versus displacement.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.Current edition approved Nov.1,2013.Published December 2013.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4435 08.DOI:10.1520/D4435-13E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Significance and Use5.1 Rock bolts are used for support in a variety of miningand civil engineering situations.3The pull test may be used toprovide a quantitative measure of the relative performance ofdifferent anchor systems in the same rock type.Anchor systemsmay be different mechanical anchors or different bond materi-als or lengths for grouted anchors.Such data can be used tochoose an anchor type and determine bolt length,spacing,andsize