ASTM_D_4326_-_21.pdf

Designation:D432621Standard Test Method forMajor and Minor Elements in Coal Ash By X-RayFluorescence1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4326;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the analysis of the commonlydetermined major and minor elements in ash from coal usingX-ray fluorescence(XRF)techniques.NOTE1Test Method D5016 is used for determination of sulfur.NOTE2Although not included in the present method,the determina-tion of barium,strontium,and manganese may be required to yieldadequate totals.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses after SI units areprovided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D121 Terminology of Coal and CokeD2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for AnalysisD3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample ofCoal and CokeD3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coaland Coke from CoalD5016 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Coal and CokeCombustion Residues Using a High-Temperature TubeFurnace Combustion Method with Infrared AbsorptionD7348 Test Methods for Loss on Ignition(LOI)of SolidCombustion ResiduesD7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal andCoke by Macro Thermogravimetric AnalysisD8146 Guide for Evaluating Test Method Capability andFitness for UseE2 Methods of Preparation of Micrographs of Metals andAlloys(Including Recommended Practice for Photogra-phy As Applied to Metallography);Replaced by E 883(Withdrawn 1983)3E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions applicable to this test methodare listed in D121,Terminology of Coal and Coke.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The coal to be analyzed is ashed under standard condi-tions and ignited to constant mass.Previously ashed materialsare ignited to constant mass under standard conditions.The ashis fused with lithium tetraborate(Li2B4O7)or other suitableflux and either ground and pressed into a pellet or cast into aglass disk.The pellet or disk is then irradiated by an X-raybeam of short wavelength(high energy).The characteristicX-rays of the atom that are emitted or fluoresced uponabsorption of the primary or incident X-rays are dispersed andintensities at selected wavelengths are measured by sensitivedetectors.Detector output is related to mass fraction bycalibration curves or by computerized data-handling equip-ment.4.2 The K spectral lines are used for all of the elementsdetermined by this procedure.4.3 All elements are determined as the element and reportedas the oxide and include Si,Al,Fe,Ca,Mg,Na,K,P,Ti,Mn,Sr,and Ba.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coaland Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.29 on MajorElements in Ash and Trace Elements of Coal.Current edition approved Sept.1,2021.Published October 2021.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved 2013 as D4326 13.DOI:10.1520/D4326-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.15.Significance and Use5.1 Acompositional analysis of ash is used in describing thequality of coal for its complete characterization.Ash compo-sition is useful in predicting slagging and fouling characteris-tics of combusted materials as well as the potential