ASTM_D_2854_-_09_2014.pdf

Designation:D285409(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forApparent Density of Activated Carbon1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2854;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the appar-ent density of granular activated carbon.For purposes of thistest method,granular activated carbon is defined as a minimumof 90%being larger than 80 mesh.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2862 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Granu-lar Activated CarbonD2867 Test Methods for Moisture in Activated CarbonE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE300 Practice for Sampling Industrial ChemicalsE542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory VolumetricApparatus3.Summary of Test Method3.1 Apparent density(bulk density)is determined on agranular sample by measuring the volume packed by a free fallfrom a vibrating feeder into an appropriately sized graduatedcylinder and determining the mass of the known volume.Othermethods for determining apparent density of granular orpowdered materials exist.These may involve vibration ortapping of the receiving vessel either while it is being filled orafterwards.Application of these methods to granular activatedcarbon may give packed density values that differ from thosedetermined by this test method.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a method for determining thepacked density of a bed of granular activated carbon.Deter-mination of the packed density is essential when designingvessels to hold the material and for ordering purposes whenprocuring materials to fill existing vessels.5.Apparatus(see Fig.1)5.1 Reservoir Funnel,fabricated of glass or metal.5.2 Feed Funnel,glass or metal.5.3 Vibratory Feeder,3such as shown in Fig.1 or similar.5.4 Cylinders,graduated 100,250,or 500 mL,calibrated“tocontain”(TC).5.5 Balance,having a sensitivity of 0.1 g or better.6.Procedure6.1 Select a 100,250,or 500 mL graduated cylinderappropriate for the particle size of the activated carbon to betested.The inside diameter of the cylinder shall be at least 10times the mean particle diameter(MPD)as determined by TestMethod D2862.6.2 If desired,the graduated cylinder may be calibrated bythe user in accordance with Practice E542.6.3 Obtain a representative sample of activated carbon inaccordance with Practice E300.Carefully place the sample ofactivated carbon into the reservoir funnel so that the materialdoes not prematurely flow into the graduated cylinder.If thisoccurs,return the material to the reservoir funnel.6.4 The feed funnel should have an outside diameter whichjust fits inside the chosen graduated cylinder.Adjust the height1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 onActivated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on GasPhase Evaluation Tests.Current edition approved July 1,2014.Published September 2014.Originallyapproved in 1970.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D2854 09.DOI:10.1520/D2854-09R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3A suitable vibratory feeder is the model F-TO vibrating feeder with standardtrough 112by 12 in.and controller.This unit is available from FMC Corporation,Material Handling Equipment Division,57 Cooper Ave.,Homer City,PA 15748.Similar equipment is available from other suppliers.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 of the reservoir funnel above the vibrator trough so that a freeflow of material is obtained.The drawing in Fig.1 shows atypical apparatus using a 100 mL TC graduated cylinder.6.5 Add the sample to the cylinder using the vibratoryfeeder through the feed funnel.Adjust the flow rate control tofill the cylinder at a uniform rate not less than 0.75 orexceeding 1.0 mL/s up to the mark corresponding to thevolume chosen.The graduated cylinder shall be filled to at least50%of its capacity.6.6 Transfer the contents from the cylinder to a balance panand weigh to the nearest 0.1 g.7.Calculation7.1 Cal