ASTM_D_246_-_04a.pdf

Designation:D 246 04aAmerican Association StateHighway Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.T 62Standard Test Method forDistillation of Creosote and Creosote-Coal Tar Solutions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 246;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the distillationof creosote and creosote-coal tar solution.Test Methods D 38covers the sampling of wood preservatives prior to testing.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 38 Test Methods for Sampling Wood Preservatives Priorto TestingD 370 Practice for Dehydration of Oil-Type PreservativesD 390 Specification for Coal-Tar Creosote for the Preserva-tive Treatment of Piles,Poles,and Timbers for Marine,Land,and Freshwater UseD 391 Specification for Creosote-Coal Tar SolutionE 1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE 1404 Specification for Laboratory Glass Conical FlasksE 1405 Specification for Laboratory Glass DistillationFlasks3.Summary of Test Method3.1 A 100-g sample is distilled at a controlled rate in a300-mL flask.The weights of distillate fractions at a series ofspecified temperatures and of residue at the maximum specifiedtemperature are determined.The residue and distillates shall betested by appropriate procedures when required by the speci-fier.4.Significance and Use4.1 Creosote quality is defined by the boiling ranges of itsdistillation fractions.The boiling limits of the fractions asdetermined by this test method must conform to the limitsestablished by Specifications D 390 and D 391 to qualify thecreosote as an acceptable preservative for its intended appli-cation.5.Apparatus5.1 FlaskDistillation flask,300 mL,specified as Type II,Class 2 in Specification E 1405.5.2 Condenser TubeA tapered glass condenser,as shownin Figs.1 and 2,conforming to the following dimensions:Diameter of small end,outside12.5 6 1.5 mmDiameter of large end,outside28.5 6 3.0 mmLength360 6 4mmLength of tapered part100 6 5mm5.3 Source of HeatA source of heat consisting of aBunsen or Meker type gas burner or an electric heater.Theelectric heater3shall have an output variable to 600 or 750 Wand removable upper and lower refractories as illustrated inFig.3.The temperature of the heater shall be controlled by avariable transformer or rheostat suitable for the voltage used,and shall be fitted with a clamp for mounting on a verticalsupport rod.5.4 Flask Shield for Flame DistillationA stainless steelshield,fitted with mica windows and lined with18-in.heat-resistant ceramic board,with two-part cover made from14-in.“Transite”board of the forms and dimensions shown in Fig.4.5.5 Flask Shield for Electric-Heater DistillationA stain-less steel shield fitted with mica windows and cover of thesame construction and dimensions as those for flame distilla-tion(5.4),except for the height of the shield.See Fig.5.5.6 GauzeTwo sheets of 16-mesh wire gauze made with0.51-mm(0.02-in.)diameter Nichrome wire and 125 to 152mm in diameter or square.5.7 Burner Chimney for Flame DistillationA cylindricalmetal chimney approximately 100 mm high,95 to 105 mm indiameter,and having a peephole 25 mm in diameter centeredabout 32 mm below the ring support,used to protect the flame1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Woodand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.06 on Treatments for WoodProducts.Current edition approved Oct.1,2004.Published October 2004.Originallyapproved in 1926.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 246 04.This test method is identical in substance with the Standard Method ofDistillation which is part of the American Wood-Preservers Association StandardMethods for Analysis of Creosote and Oil-Type Preservatives(A1).Acknowledg-ment is made to the American Wood Preservers Association for its development ofthe subject matter covered in this test method.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The“Precision”Ful-Kontrol 750-W heater with built-in variable transformercontrol has been found satisfactory.This heater is available for 115 V,50/60 Hz only.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.from air currents.The top of the shield should be flanged topermit its being suspended