ASTM_D_445_-_21e1.pdf

Designation:D445211British Standard 2000:Part 71:Section 1:1996Designation:71 Section 1/2017Standard Test Method forKinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D445;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1NOTEEditorially corrected tables in Section 17 in December 2021 to align with research reports.1.Scope*1.1 This test method specifies a procedure for the determi-nation of the kinematic viscosity,of liquid petroleumproducts,both transparent and opaque,by measuring the timefor a volume of liquid to flow under gravity through acalibrated glass capillary viscometer.The dynamic viscosity,can be obtained by multiplying the kinematic viscosity,bythe density,of the liquid.NOTE1For the measurement of the kinematic viscosity and viscosityof bitumens,see also Test Methods D2170 and D2171.NOTE2ISO 3104 corresponds to Test Method D445 03.1.2 The result obtained from this test method is dependentupon the behavior of the sample and is intended for applicationto liquids for which primarily the shear stress and shear ratesare proportional(Newtonian flow behavior).If,however,theviscosity varies significantly with the rate of shear,differentresults may be obtained from viscometers of different capillarydiameters.The procedure and precision values for residual fueloils,which under some conditions exhibit non-Newtonianbehavior,have been included.1.3 The range of kinematic viscosities covered by this testmethod is from 0.2 mm2/s to 300 000 mm2/s(see Table A1.1)at all temperatures(see 6.3 and 6.4).The precision has onlybeen determined for those materials,kinematic viscosityranges and temperatures as shown in the footnotes to theprecision section.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The SI unit used in this test method for kinematicviscosity is mm2/s,and the SI unit used in this test method fordynamic viscosity is mPas.For user reference,1 mm2/s=10-6m2/s=1 cSt and 1 mPas=1 cP=0.001 Pas.1.5 WARNINGMercury has been designated by manyregulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can causeserious medical issues.Mercury,or its vapor,has been dem-onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containingproducts.See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet(SDS)for additional information.The potential exists that sellingmercury or mercury-containing products,or both,is prohibitedby local or national law.Users must determine legality of salesin their location.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D396 Specification for Fuel OilsD446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for GlassCapillary Kinematic Viscometers1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofASTM Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.The technically equivalentstandard as referenced is under the jurisdiction of the Energy Institute SubcommitteeSC-C-3.Current edition approved May 15,2021.Published June 2021.Originallyapproved in 1937.Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D445 19a.DOI:10.1520/D0445-21E01.2This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort betweenASTM and the Energy Institute,London.ASTM and IP standards were approved byASTM and EI technical committees as being technically equivalent but that does notimply both standards are identical.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelo