ASTM_D_2580_-_06_2012.pdf

Designation:D258006(Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Method forPhenols in Water by Gas-Liquid Chromatography1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2580;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a direct aqueous injectionprocedure for the gas-liquid chromatographic determination ofphenols,cresols,and mono-and di-chlorophenols in water.21.2 The precision and bias of the test method has beencalculated from the results of interlaboratory analyses of threemastersolutions,eachcontainingphenol,p-cresol,p-chlorophenol,3,5-dichlorophenol.1.3 The test method may be applied to waste water orconcentrates that contain more than 1 mg/L of phenoliccompounds.Therefore,for a comparison with Test MethodsD1783,see Appendix X1.1.4 The analyst should recognize that precision statementsprovided in 16.1 and 16.2 may not apply to waters of othermatrices.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are provided forinformation only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazardstatements,see Note 3.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1783 Test Methods for Phenolic Compounds in WaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD3856 Guide for Management Systems in LaboratoriesEngaged in Analysis of WaterD4210 Practice for Intralaboratory Quality Control Proce-dures and a Discussion on Reporting Low-Level Data(Withdrawn 2002)4E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas ChromatographyE355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-ships3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions and terms are presented in Practice E355and Terminology D1129.3.1.2 The following terms used in this test method aredefined in Terminology D1129 as follows:3.1.3 ghostinga gas-chromatographic interference,show-ing as a peak,which appears at the same elution time as acomponent from previous injection.3.1.4 internal standarda material present in or added tosamples in known amount to serve as a reference measurement.3.1.5noisean extraneous electronic signal that affectsbaseline stability.3.1.6phenolic compoundshydroxy derivatives of ben-zene and its condensed nuclei.3.1.7 retention timethe time that elapses from the intro-duction of the sample until the component peak maximum isreached.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method uses a single gas-liquid chromato-graphic column for the separation of phenolic compounds anda flame-ionization detector for their measurement.The peakarea of each component is measured and compared with that ofa known standard to obtain quantitative results.Adiscussion ofgas chromatography is presented in Practice E260.4.2 In this test method,elution of characteristic phenolsoccurs in the following order:(1)o-chlorophenol,(2)phenol1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods forAnalysis forOrganic Substances in Water.Current edition approved June 15,2012.Published August 2012.Originallyapproved in 1967.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D2580 06.DOI:10.1520/D2580-06R12.2Baker,R.A.,“Phenolic Analyses by Direct Aqueous Injection GasChromatography,”Journal American Water Works Association,Vol 58,No.6,1966,pp.751760.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 and o-cresol,(3)m-and p-cresol,(4)2,3-,2,4-,2,5-and2,6-dichlorophenols,(5)m-and p-chlorophenol,and(6)3,4-dichlorophenol.4.2.1 For comparison purposes,see Appendix X1.5.Significance and Use5.1 Phenolic compounds are sometimes found in surfacewaters from natural and industrial sources.Chlorination ofsuch waters may produce odoriferous,objectionable tastingchlorophenols.These compounds may include o-chlorophenol,p-chlorophenol,2,6-dichlorophenol,and 2,4-dichlorophenol.56.Interferences6.1 Particulate MatterParticulate or suspended mattermay,unless very finely subdivided,plug the needle used forsample injection.Such matter may be removed by centrifuga-tion or filtration,provided it is ascertained that compounds ofinterest are n