ASTM_D_4404_-_18.pdf

Designation:D440418Standard Test Method forDetermination of Pore Volume and Pore Volume Distributionof Soil and Rock by Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4404;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the porevolume and the pore volume distributions of soil and rock bythe mercury intrusion porosimetry method.The range ofapparent diameters of pores for which this test method isapplicable is fixed by the operating pressure range of thetesting instrument.This range is typically between apparentpore entrance diameters of about 400 m and 2.5 nm(0.0025m).Larger pores must be measured by another method.1.2 Mercury intrusion porosimetry is useful only for mea-suring pores open to the outside of a soil or rock fragment;mercury intrusion porosimetry will not give the volume of anypores completely enclosed by surrounding solids.This testmethod will give only the volume of intrudable pores that havean apparent diameter corresponding to a pressure within thepressurizing range of the testing instrument.1.3 Mercury intrusion may involve the application of highpressures to the specimen.This may result in a temporary orpermanent alteration or both in the pore geometry.Generally,soils and rocks are composed of comparatively strong solidsand are less subject to these alterations than certain othermaterials.However,the possibility remains that the use of thistest method may alter the natural pore volume distribution thatis being measured.1.4 WarningMercury has been designated by EPA andmany state agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system,kidney and liver damage.Mercury,orits vapor,may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials.Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury-containing products.See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)for details and EPAs website(http:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm)for additional informa-tion.Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products or both into your state may be prohibitedby state law.1.5 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.Reporting of test results in units other than SI,suchas cgs,shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this testmethod.1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.6.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as theindustry standard.In addition,they are representative of thesignificant digits that generally should be retained.The proce-dures used do not consider material variation,purpose forobtaining the data,special purpose studies,or any consider-ations for the users objectives;and it is common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considerations.It is beyond the scopeof these test methods to consider significant digits used inanalysis methods for engineering data.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific precaution statements,see Section 8.1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.06 on Physical-ChemicalInteractions of Soil and Rock.Current edition approved Feb.1,2018.Published March 2018.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D440410.DOI:10.1520/D4404-18.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard wa