ASTM_D_3208_-_00_2005.pdf

Designation:D 3208 00(Reapproved 2005)An American National StandardStandard Specification forManifold Papers for Permanent Records1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3208;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers manifold papers used in pre-paring typewritten copies of permanent or semipermanentrecords and documents.The original,or ribbon,copy usuallyleaves the organization in which it originated,so the carboncopy becomes the copy of record.1.2 It has been shown(1,2,3,4,5)2that permanence is atleast an approximate function of the pH of an aqueous extractof the paper with correlation coefficients ranging from approxi-mately 0.7 to 0.9(4).Three pH levels,reflecting three levels ofpermanence,are specified.Extract pH as an indicator of lifeexpectancy is not valid if a paper has been treated with analkaline surface size or if an alkaline coating has been applied.1.3 The following would be expected to contribute signifi-cantly to the life expectancy of manifold papers:the use ofpapers with controlled acidity,or of papers manufactured underneutral or alkaline conditions,especially papers with a calciumcarbonate filler that absorbs acidic gases from the atmosphereand can neutralize acidic materials formed in the aging ofpaper.1.4 This specification is based on fiber sources used in theproduction of paper that contains no more than 1%lignin,forpapers used in archives,libraries,and other permanent records.However,under proper conditions,(see X1.5),paper contain-ing more than 1%lignin may be employed for many other enduses in paper for records that are required to have a substantiallife expectancy.1.5 As indicated in Appendices X1.4 and X1.5,this speci-fication may be used as a guide.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot ofPaper,Paperboard,Fiberboard,and Related ProductD 646 Test Method for Grammage of Paper and Paperboard(Mass Per Unit Area)D 985 Test Method for Brightness of Pulp,Paper,andPaperboard(Directional Reflectance at 457 nm)D 1030 Test Method for Fiber Analysis of Paper and Paper-boardD 1968 Terminology Relating to Paper and Paper ProductsD 2176 Test Method for Folding Endurance of Paper by theM.I.T.TesterD 3424 Test Methods for Evaluating the Relative Lightfast-ness and Weatherability of Printed MatterD 4714 Test Method for Determination of Effect of MoistHeat(50%Relative Humidity and 90C)on Properties ofPaper and BoardD 4988 Test Method for Determination of Alkalinity ofPaper as Calcium Carbonate(Alkaline Reserve of Paper)D 5625 Test Method for Measuring Length,Width,andSquareness of Sheeted Paper and Paper ProductsD 5634 Guide for Selection of Permanent and DurableOffset and Book Papers2.2TAPPI Standards:T 236 Kappa Number of Pulp4T 400 Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot of Paper,Paperboard,Fiberboard,or Related Products4T 401 Fiber Analysis of Paper and Paperboard4T 410 Grammage of Paper and Paperboard(Weight PerUnit Area)4T 411 Thickness(Caliper)of Paper and Paperboard4T 412 Moisture in Paper4T 414 Internal Tearing Resistance of Paper4T 452 Brightness of Pulp,Paper and Paperboard(Direc-tional Reflectance at 457 nm)4T 509 HydrogenIonConcentration(pH)ofPaperExtractsCold Extraction Method4T 511 Folding Endurance of Paper(MIT Tester)4T 544 Effect of Moist Heat on Properties of Paper andBoard41This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D06 on Paperand Paper Products and is the direct reponsibility of Subcommittee D06.92 on TestMethods.Current edition approved Sept.1,2005.Published September 2005.Originallyapproved in 1973.Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 3208 00.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis specification.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry,15Technology Parkway South,Norcross,GA 30092.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.2.3ISO Standards:ISO 9706 Paper for Documents.Specifications for Perma-nence.Normative AnnexSpecial instructions for deter-mining kappa number.53.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this specification are inaccordance with Terminology D 1968.3.1.1 acid-sized paper,npaper that has been manufac-tured using a procedure or process at pH values below 7(usually 4.0 to 6.5)that results in paper that has resistance towater penetration.3.1.2 alkaline-filled paper,na paper containing an alka-line filler,such as