ASTM_D_4385_-_13.pdf

Designation:D438513Standard Practice forClassifying Visual Defects in Thermosetting ReinforcedPlastic Pultruded Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4385;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers acceptance criteria for visual ac-ceptance of thermosetting reinforced plastic pultruded rods,bars,shapes,and sheets.1.2 This practice presents definitions of possible defects toserve as a guide for contracts,drawings,product specifications,and final inspection.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3917 Specification for Dimensional Tolerance of Thermo-setting Glass-Reinforced Plastic Pultruded Shapes3.Terminology3.1 mat discolorationa yellowing of the reinforcing matscaused by binder migration.The discoloration can cause visualstreaks on the surface of the pultrusion.3.2 test requirementminimum design,characteristic orspecified values as dictated and or specified by codes,standards,industry,end customers,the manufacturer or theEngineer of Record.3.3 connection areasareas associated with a pultrudedmember that form a connection in some form or fashion thatwill not be visible after fabrication.3.4 fiber bloomingexposed reinforcements on the surfaceof a profile as a result of veil slippage or lack of resin.Suchdefects can cause the exposed fiber to“bloom”when exposedto ultraviolet light.3.5 internal layerrefers to individual layers of unidirec-tional or transverse reinforcements in the form of roving/tows,continuous filament,woven or stitched mats formed andlaminated via the pultrusion process to produce a specificthickness of or as part of a pultruded profile.A stitched orwoven mat is made up of individual layers of roving woven orstitched together to form a single mat4.Acceptance Criteria4.1 The method and frequency of inspection shall be theresponsibility of the pultruder as deemed necessary to maintaincompliance to this specification,unless the purchaser and selleragree on other terms.4.2 Dimensions and TolerancesPultruded shapes shall beinspected for conformance with dimensions and tolerancesspecified on the product drawing or by Specification D3917.Products with any dimensions exceeding the specified limitsshall be rejected.4.3 Allowable DefectsDefects that by nature,number,orfrequency of occurrence do not affect the serviceability of theproduct.Allowable defects shall be fully described as to thetype,size,number,extent allowed,and spacing.Defects inexcess of those listed as allowable defects in the productspecifications,drawings,or contracts,for the products,shall because for rejection.4.4 Repairable DefectsVisual defects(for example,chips,exposed reinforcement,fiber bridging,fiber prominence,and1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced ThermosettingPlastics.Current edition approved Nov.15,2013.Published December 2013.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4385-10.DOI:10.1520/D4385-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 scuffing)that do not affect the structural serviceability that arepermitted to be repaired if agreed upon between the manufac-turer and the purchaser.The repair procedure shall be docu-mented and contractually agreed upon by all parties involved.5.Acceptance Levels5.1 Visual InspectionEach sample selected in accordancewith 3.1 shall be checked visually without the aid of magnifi-cation.Any defect not meeting the requirements of thisstandard,shall be cause for rejection.Any defect not covered inthis specification shall be resolved between the purchaser andthe seller and shall be fully described in the specification andcontractual documents.6.Keywords6.1 pultrusion;structural shapes;visualTABLE 1 Acceptance CriteriaNameDefinitionAcceptance/Rejection Cri