ASTM_D_4327_-_17.pdf

Designation:D432717Standard Test Method forAnions in Water by Suppressed Ion Chromatography1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4327;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method2,3covers the sequential determinationof fluoride,chloride,nitrite,ortho-phosphate,bromide,nitrate,and sulfate ions in water by suppressed ion chromatography.NOTE1Order of elution is dependent upon the column used;see Fig.1.1.2 This test method is applicable to drinking and wastewa-ters.The ranges tested for this test method for each anion wereas follows(measured in mg/L):Fluoride0.26 to 8.49Chloride0.78 to 26.0Nitrite-N0.36 to 12.0Bromide0.63 to 21.0Nitrate-N0.42 to 14.0o-Phosphate0.69 to 23.1Sulfate2.85 to 95.01.3 It is the users responsibility to ensure the validity of thistest method for other matrices.1.4 Concentrations as low as 0.01 mg/L were determineddepending upon the anions to be quantified,in single labora-tory work.Utilizing a 50-L sample volume loop and asensitivity of 3000 S/cm full scale,the approximate detectionlimits shown in Table 1 can be achieved.Lower detectionlimits have been observed with newer instrumentation,columntechnology and eluents.The analyst must assure optimuminstrument performance to maintain a stable baseline at moresensitive conductivity full-scale settings.1.5 The upper limit of this test method is dependent upontotal anion concentration and may be determined experimen-tally as described in Annex A1.These limits may be extendedby appropriate dilution or by use of a smaller injection volume.1.6 Using alternate separator column and eluents may per-mit additional anions such as acetate,formate,or citrate to bedetermined.This is not the subject of this test method.1.7 This test method update approves the use of electrolyti-cally generated eluent,electrolytically regenerated eluent,electrolytic suppression(not autozeroing),and electrolytic trapcolumns also known as reagent-free ion chromatography.Thisapproval is based on acceptance by the U.S.EPA as referencedin Appendix X2.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D1066 Practice for Sampling SteamD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous SamplesD5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specificationsfor Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,refer toTerminology D1129.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituentsin Water.Current edition approved Dec.1,2017.Published December 2017.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4327 11.DOI:10.1520/D4327-17.2Refs.(1-7)3may be consulted for additional information.3The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end ofthis standard.4For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 analytical columns,na combination of one or moreguard columns followed by one or more separator columnsused to separate the ions of inter