ASTM_D_2394_-_17_2022.pdf

Designation:D239417(Reapproved 2022)Standard Test Methods forSimulated Service Testing of Wood and Wood-Based FinishFlooring1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2394;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for measuring theperformance of finish flooring under the following serviceloadings and conditions:SectionLoading TestsConcentrated Loading7Floor Surface Indentation from Small Area Loads12Falling-Ball Indentation18Rolling Load23Mechanical TestsAbrasion Resistance28Coefficient of Friction33Moisture TestsSurface Wetting381.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1037 Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel MaterialsE72 Test Methods of Conducting Strength Tests of Panelsfor Building Construction3.Significance and Use3.1 The test methods presented herein are intended toprovide both a factual and comparative means of appraising thesuitability of finish flooring.The procedures developed simu-late some conditions of use that may require either mainte-nance beyond that considered normal or replacement of thefloor surface material.3.2 It is important for some of the evaluations that thesubstrate to be used beneath the finish flooring be duplicatedbecause the type and degree of support will have a directinfluence on the value obtained from test.For example,in somepresent-day construction,low-density materials are used forsound-deadening immediately below the finish flooring.Theway this substrate distributes loading and absorbs energy willhave an influence on evaluations such as those in rolling andconcentrated loads.3.3 The test methods presented herein may be used tocompare different finish floorings as to their resistance tosevere and ordinary service loads and also may serve as themeans to set specification limits.The properties obtained bythese test methods are needed in addition to such basic materialproperties as stiffness,strength,hardness,and dimensionalstability.3.4 All tests may not be required for any specific investiga-tion.There may be an interrelation between two tests,andwhen it has been demonstrated what the interrelation is,acomplete evaluation is only required as a final stage of a study.In each instance,therefore,it is necessary to determine whichevaluations shall be made to fulfill the objectives.4.Test Specimens4.1 The number of specimens to be chosen for test and themethod of their selection depend on the variability of the finishflooring material and on the purpose of the particular testsunder consideration,so no general rule can be given to coverall instances.It is recommended that,whenever possible,sufficient replications be made to establish reliable meanvalues.Even for the most simple evaluation,a replication ofthree tests for each property is recommended.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 onWood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on FundamentalTest Methods and Properties.Current edition approved Aug.1,2022.Published August 2022.Originallyapproved in 1965.Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D2394 05(2017).DOI:10.1520/D2394-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.15.Control of Moisture Content and Temperature5.1 Wood and wood-based materials are hygroscopic.T