ASTM_D_2714_-_94_2014.pdf

Designation:D271494(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forCalibration and Operation of the Falex Block-on-RingFriction and Wear Testing Machine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2714;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the calibration and operation ofa block-on-ring friction and wear testing machine.1.2 The values in SI units are to be regarded as standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversionsto SI units that are provided for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Terminology2.1 Definitions:2.1.1 coeffcient of friction,or fin tribology,the dimen-sionless ratio of the friction force(F)between two bodies to thenormal force(N)pressing these two bodies together.or f 5F/N!(1)2.1.1.1 DiscussionA distinction is often made betweenstatic coeffcient of friction and kinetic coeffcient of friction.2.1.2 friction forcethe resisting force tangential to theinterface between two bodies when,under the action of anexternal force,one body moves or tends to move relative to theother.2.1.3 kinetic coeffcient of frictionthe coefficient of fric-tion under conditions of macroscopic relative motion betweentwo bodies.2.1.4 weardamage to a solid surface,generally involvingprogressive loss of material,due to relative motion betweenthat surface and a contacting substance or substances.3.Summary of Test Method3.1 The test machine is operated using a steel test ringrotating against a steel test block,the specimen assembly beingpartially immersed in the lubricant sample.The velocity of thetest ring is 7.9 6 0.16 m/min(26 6 0.52 ft/min)which isequivalent to a spindle speed of 72 6 1 rpm.The specimens aresubjected to 68 kg(150 lb)normal load applied by 6.8 kg(15 lb)of dead weight on the 10:1 ratio lever system.Testduration is 5000 cycles.3.2 Three determinations are made:(1)The friction forceafter a certain number of revolutions,(2)the average width ofthe wear scar on the stationary block at the end of the test,and(3)the weight loss for the stationary block at the end of the test.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method is used for the calibration of ablock-on-ring testing machine by measuring the friction andwear properties of a calibration fluid under the prescribed testconditions.4.2 The user of this test method should determine to his orher own satisfaction whether results of this test procedurecorrelate with field performance or other bench test machines.If the test conditions are changed,wear values can change andrelative ratings of fluids can be different.5.Apparatus5.1 Falex Block-on-Ring Test Machine,2shown in Fig.1and Fig.2 and described in detail in Annex A1.NOTE1Consult the instruction manual for each machine to determinerespective capabilities and limitations.5.2 Analytical Balance,capable of weighing to the nearest0.1 mg.5.3 Measuring Magnifier Glass,with SI or inch-poundcalibration so that the scar width can be measured with aprecision of 0.01 mm,or equivalent.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.L0.05 on Solid Lubricants.This test method was prepared under the joint sponsorship of the AmericanSociety of Lubrication Engineers with the cooperation of the Coordinating ResearchCouncil,Inc.(CRC)Aviation Committee on Bonded Solid-Film Lubricants.Accepted by ASLE September 1968.Current edition approved May 1,2014.Published July 2014.Originally approvedin 1968.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D271494(2009).DOI:10.1520/D2714-94R14.2Trademarked and manufactured by Falex Corp.,1020 Airpark Dr.,SugarGrove,IL 60554.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.Reagents and Materials6.1 Test Rings,Falex Type S-10,2SAE 4620 carburizedsteel,having a hardness of 58 to 63 HRC.The test ring has awidth of 8.15 mm(0.321 in.),a diameter of 35 mm(1.3775 in.)and a maximum radial run out of 0.013 mm(0.0005 in.).Thesurface roughness shall be 0.15 to 0.30 m(6 to 12 in.)rms.6.2 Test Blocks,Falex Type H-30,2SAE 013tool steelhaving two ground test surfaces of 0.10 to 0.20 m(4 to 8 in.)rms.The test block has a test surface width of 6.35 mm(0.250 in.)and a length of 15.76 mm(0.620 in.).The test blockhas a hardness of 27 to 33 HRC.6.3 Solvents,safe,nonfilming,nonchlorinated.NOTE2Each