ASTM_D_3871_-_84_2017.pdf

Designation:D387184(Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forPurgeable Organic Compounds in Water Using HeadspaceSampling1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3871;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of mostpurgeable organic compounds that boil below 200C and areless than 2%soluble in water.It covers the low g/L to lowmg/L concentration range(see Section 15 and Appendix X1).1.2 This test method was developed for the analysis ofdrinking water.It is also applicable to many environmental andwaste waters when validation,consisting of recovering knownconcentrations of compounds of interest added to representa-tive matrices,is included.1.3 Volatile organic compounds in water at concentrationsabove 1000 g/L may be determined by direct aqueousinjection in accordance with Practice D2908.1.4 It is the users responsibility to assure the validity of thetest method for untested matrices.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precautionary statements are given in 8.5.5.1.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2908 Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter inWater by Aqueous-Injection Gas ChromatographyE355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-ships3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,refer toTerminology D1129 and Practice E355.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 purgeable organic,nany organic material that isremoved from aqueous solution under the purging conditionsdescribed in this test method(10.1.1).4.Summary of Test Method4.1 An inert gas is bubbled through the sample to purgevolatile compounds from the aqueous phase.These compoundsare then trapped in a column containing a suitable sorbent.After purging is complete,trapped components are thermallydesorbed onto the head of a gas chromatographic column forseparation and analysis.Measurement is accomplished with anappropriate detector.5.Significance and Use5.1 Purgeable organic compounds,including organohalides,have been identified as contaminants in raw and drinkingwater.These contaminants may be harmful to the environmentand man.Dynamic headspace sampling is a generally appli-cable method for concentrating these components prior to gas1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods forAnalysis forOrganic Substances in Water.Current edition approved Dec.15,2017.Published December 2017.Originallyapproved in 1979.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3871 84(2011).DOI:10.1520/D3871-84R17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 chromatographic analysis(1-5).3This test method can be usedto quantitatively determine purgeable organic compounds inraw source water,drinking water,and treated effluent water.6.Interferences6.1 Purgeable compounds that coelute with components ofinterest and respond to the detector will interfere with thechromatographic measurement.Likelihood of interference maybe decreased by using dissimilar columns or a more selectivedetector for the chromatographic step.7.Apparatus7.1 Purging DeviceCommercial devices are available forthis analysis.Either commercial apparatus or the equipmentdescribed below may be used for this analysis.Devices usedshall be capable of meeting the precisio