ASTM_D_3094_-_18.pdf

Designation:D309418Standard Practice forSeepage Rate of Aerosol Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3094;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the determination of approximatemass loss due to valve seepage rate2of aerosol products by thecollection and measurement of gases seeping through the valveand into a special eudiometer tube,over a relatively short timeperiod.1.2 It can be shown that the average refrigeration-filledaerosol product seeps to the extent of approximately 3.0 mLwhen the corresponding mass loss is 0.10 oz(2.9 cm3)/year.This figure is partially based on air content and is subject tovariations according to filling conditions.This practice is notconsidered dependable when applied to pressure-filled,un-purged aerosol products.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Significance and Use2.1 This practice affords a more rapid answer to the ever-present problem of mass loss during storage.It is of particularvalue in determining the effectiveness of valve stake and clinchseal elastomers in contact with new formulations.This practicemay also be used to evaluate new valves with standardmixtures.3.Apparatus3.1 Bath,constant-temperature,equipped with a thermo-regulator sufficient to maintain water at 80 6 2F(26 6 1C).The tank should be of sufficient proportions to accommodatethe necessary number of test specimens in an upright position,so that each specimen is surrounded by approximately 1 in.(25mm)of water.3.2 Eudiometer Tubes(Fig.1 and Fig.2),custom-ordered orhand-made,with an internal volume of 5.0 mL net(allowingfor any part of the valve that might protrude into the tube).Itis convenient to calibrate in 1,2,and 3-mL divisions.NOTE1For tests involving many dispensers,small test tubes and vialshave been successfully substituted for the tubes in Fig.1 and Fig.2.4.Test Specimens4.1 Test specimens shall be prepared in accordance withproduction methods wherever possible,making certain that theclinch diameter and the depth of clinch below the curl of themounting cup are in agreement with the specifications.Newdispensers shall be pretested for leakage by heating thecontents to 130F(54C).5.Procedure5.1 Fill the bath with water that has been allowed todeaerate for 24 h at room temperature.Bring the bath to 80F(26C)and immerse the dispensers.5.2 Scrub the bath walls,bottom,and dispenser surfaces toremove adhering air.Give the dispensers a hard knock torelease any air bubbles clinging to the valve parts.5.3 Submerge the eudiometer tubes and fill them.Removethe air bubbles.Invert the tubes over the dispenser valves andallow them to remain for 48 h.5.4 Give each dispenser a hard knock to free the clinginggas into the inverted eudiometer tube.Determine and recordthe amount of gas in each tube.5.5 The mass loss due to seepage through the valve andO-ring seal represents only a part of the total mass loss.Leakage will also occur at the seams and seam junctures.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packagingand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.33 on Aerosol Products.Thispractice was originally developed by the Chemical Specialties Manufacturers Assn.Current edition approved May 1,2018.Published June 2018.Originallyapproved in 1972.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D3094 00(2010).DOI:10.1520/D3094-18.2Data on the theoretical development of seepage concepts has been filed atASTM Headquarters as RR:D10-1000.Contact ASTM Customer Service atserviceastm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 5.6 There is usu