ASTM_D_3860_-_98_2020.pdf

Designation:D386098(Reapproved 2020)Standard Practice forDetermination of Adsorptive Capacity of Activated Carbonby Aqueous Phase Isotherm Technique1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3860;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the determination of the adsorptivecapacity of activated carbon to remove undesirable constituentsfrom water and waste water.It can be used to evaluate theadsorptive capacity of activated or reactivated carbon.1.2 This practice is not recommended unless special precau-tions are taken to reduce loss during sample preparation andanalysis.1.3 This practice is recommended to determine the adsorp-tive capacity of activated carbon for the following applications,but is not limited to these applications:1.3.1 Removal of color from dye mill waste water,1.3.2 Removal of taste or odor constituents,or both,frompotable waters,1.3.3 Removal of toxicants from water,1.3.4 Removal of surface-active agents from water,1.3.5 Removal of BOD5from sanitary waste waters,and1.3.6 Removal of TOC from industrial waste waters.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2652 Terminology Relating to Activated CarbonD2867 Test Methods for Moisture in Activated CarbonD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing ProcessStreamsE300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice relating toactivated carbon,refer to Terminology D2652.3.1.2 For definition of terms used in this practice relating towater,refer to Terminology D1129.4.Summary of Practice4.1 This practice consists of the determination of the ad-sorptive capacity of activated carbon for adsorbable constitu-ents by contacting the aqueous solution with activated carbon,determining the amount of the constituents removed,andcalculating the adsorptive capacity from a Freundlich isothermplot.4.1.1 Sample weights of activated carbon may have to beadjusted,depending on the concentration of adsorbable con-stituents in the water.5.Significance and Use5.1 This practice is used when activated carbon is consid-ered as an adsorbent in treating water.Since both granular andpowdered activated carbons are commercially available,astandard practice is needed to ensure that the activated carbonsare evaluated under the same test conditions.Specified particlesize carbon is to be used to ensure that the same test conditionsare used.The practice is generally performed at 20 C;however,other temperatures may be used and noted.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 on ActivatedCarbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.02 on Liquid PhaseEvaluation.Current edition approved June 1,2020.Published June 2020.Originallyapproved in 1979.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D3860 98(2014).DOI:10.1520/D3860-98R20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.6.Interferences6.1 The water sample must not contain any immiscible oil.6.2 Generally,membrane filters contain a slight amount ofleachable surfactants and wetting agents that might be a sourceof detectable error in waters having low concentrations ofadsorbable constituents.7.Apparatus7.1 Agitator,able to keep slurried activated carbon insuspension.NOTE1A wrist-action shaker or a magnetic stirrer is suitable as anagitator.7.2 G