ASTM_D_4140_-_07_2013.pdf

Designation:D414007(Reapproved 2013)Standard Guide for DeterminingVolatile and Nonvolatile Content of Driers,Drying Oils,Naval Stores,and Solvents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4140;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This guide is intended to aid in the selection of theproper ASTM test method for determining the volatile andnonvolatile content of driers,drying oils,naval stores,andsolvents.NOTE1Test methods for determining the composition of the volatilefraction are not covered by this guide.1.2 The test methods included are as follows:StandardSectionASTM DesignationDriers5.1D1644Drying oils5.2D555D1960Naval stores5.3D233D889D1131Solvents5.4D13532.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D16 Terminology for Paint,Related Coatings,Materials,andApplicationsD233 Test Methods of Sampling and Testing TurpentineD555 Guide for Testing Drying Oils(Withdrawn 2007)3D804 Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals,IncludingTall Oil and Related ProductsD889 Test Method for Volatile Oil in RosinD1131 Test Methods of Testing Rosin Oils(Withdrawn2003)3D1353 Test Method for Nonvolatile Matter in Volatile Sol-vents for Use in Paint,Varnish,Lacquer,and RelatedProductsD1644 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of VarnishesD1960 Test Method for Loss on Heating of Drying Oils(Withdrawn 2003)33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 drier,nan additive that accelerates the drying of anoil,paint,printing ink,or varnish(from Terminology D16).3.1.1.1 DiscussionDriers are usually metallic composi-tions and are available in both solid and liquid forms.3.1.2 drying oil,nan oil that possesses to a marked degreethe property of readily taking up oxygen from wood chiefly ofthe pine species(Genus Pinus)(from Terminology D16).3.1.3 naval stores,nchemically reactive oils,resins,tars,and pitches derived from the oleoresin contained in,exuded by,or extracted from wood chiefly of the pine species(GenusPinus)(from Terminology D804).4.Significance and Use4.1 The nonvolatile content of raw materials may be used todetermine the total nonvolatile content(solids)of paint andrelated coatings.Such information may be useful to coatingsproducers and users for the determination of the total solidsavailable for film formation and for the estimation of thevolatile organic content.5.Procedure5.1 DriersMost liquid driers for use in paints and var-nishes are sold as solutions,so usually contain significantamounts of solvent.Use Method A in Test Methods D1644 todetermine the nonvolatile content.5.2 Drying OilsTest Method D1960 covers the determi-nation of moisture and any other material that is volatile underthe conditions of the test.It is applicable to all natural dryingoils.This method should be used only for gross contaminationwith volatile materials.It is not a true loss measure since smallamounts of oxygen in the inert gas used will be absorbed by theoil,resulting in a small gain in weight that may more thanoffset small losses.5.3 Naval Stores:5.3.1 RosinTest Method D889 covers the determination ofthe volatile oil content of rosin or similar material.The oil may1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved June 1,2013.Published June 2013.Originallyapproved in 1982.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D4140 07.DOI:10.1520/D4140-07R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 consist of naturally occurring terpene oil or of foreign nonter-pene oil resulting from incomplete removal of solvent used toextract the resin from wood or still wastes.5.3.2 Rosin OilsTest Methods D1131,Section 9,coversthe determination of volatile matter in rosin oils.The term“rosin oil”includes the oils obtained by dry destructivedistillation of rosin,with or without subsequent redistillation,and also certain compounded oils prepared from a rosin oilbase.5.3.3 TurpentineTest Methods D233,Sections 20 through22,cover the determination of the evaporation residue ofturpentine.5.3.4 Other Naval StoresProcedures for determination ofvolatile and nonvolatile content of naval stores not specified in5.3.1 through 5.3.3 should be agreed upon between theproducer and the user.