ASTM_D_3711_-_95_2009.pdf

Designation:D371195(Reapproved 2009)Standard Test Method forDeposition Tendencies of Liquids in Thin Films and Vapors1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3711;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ten-dency of liquids in thin films and of vapors to form deposits onmetal surfaces.The test method applies to both petroleum-based and synthetic lubricants,hydraulic fluids,heat-transferfluids,and related materials.21.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.In cases where materials,products,or equipment areavailable in inch-pound units only,SI units are omitted.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specificwarning statements,see Section 7 and Annex A2.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D216 Method of Test for Distillation of Natural Gasoline(Withdrawn 1988)4D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products(Reid Method)D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsE230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force(EMF)Tables for Standardized Thermocouples2.2 ANSI Standard:C96.1 Temperature Measurement Thermocouples.53.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 deposit tendency,ndeposition tendency of a thinfilm or vapor is an index of the propensity of a material to formcarbonaceous residues on hot surfaces in contact with theliquid or vapor phase of the sample.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The test specimen is allowed to flow slowly in a thinfilm over a steel test specimen in a constant-temperaturechamber(furnace liner).Circulation of the sample from thesump to the heated surface and back to the sump is accom-plished by means of a peristaltic pump.After the prescribedtest period,the steel test specimen is removed from theapparatus and evaluated.The masses of deposits remainingafter washing with pentane,after washing with chloroform,andafter wiping with a paper tissue are reported.4.2 An optional procedure(see Annex A1)provides amethod for the determination of the tendency of sample vaporsto form deposits on heated surfaces.A second test specimen isplaced in the vapor space over a thin flowing film of the liquidin a constant-temperature chamber(furnace liner).After circu-lation of the test liquid for a specified time the deposits on thetest specimen exposed to the liquid and the vapor phases aremeasured in the manner described in 4.1.5.Significance and Use5.1 The test method shall measure the deposit formationtendencies of liquids on steel surfaces in air at 101.3 KPa(1-atm)pressure.Other surfaces and other atmospheric media1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.L0.07 on Engineering Sciences of High Performance Fluids andSolids(Formally D02.1100).Current edition approved Oct.1,2009.Published November 2009.Originallyapproved in 1978.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D371195(2005).DOI:10.1520/D3711-95R09.2United States Patent 2,669,865.Joseph Cole and John Krawetz.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.5Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 may be substituted for steel and air at 1 atm provided that thesubstitution is noted in the test report.6.Apparatus6.1 Tube Furnace,with heating chamber 305 mm(12 in.)long by 35 mm(138in.)in diameter6,7(see Fig.1).6.2 Furnace Liner(constant-temperature chamber)SeeFig.2.6.3 Temperature Controller.7,86.4 Potentiometer,direct-temperature readout.7,96.5 Thermocouples,for temperature control and read-out inaccordance with ANSI C96.1(see Specification E230).6The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis the Type FD303A combustion furnace,Hoskins Manufacturing Co.,Detroit,MI48232.7If you are aware of alternative suppliers,please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consider