Designation:D3966/D3966M−22StandardTestMethodsforDeepFoundationElementsUnderStaticLateralLoad1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD3966/D3966M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thetestmethodsdescribedinthisstandardmeasurethelateraldeflectionofanindividualverticalorinclineddeepfoundationelementorgroupofelementswhensubjectedtostaticlateralloading.Thesemethodsapplytoalldeepfoundations,ordeepfoundationsystemsastheyarepracticaltotest.Theindividualcomponentsofwhicharereferredtohereinaselementsthatfunctionas,orinamannersimilarto,drilledshafts,micropiles,cast-in-placepiles(augered-cast-in-placepiles,barrettes,andslurrywalls),drivenpiles,suchaspre-castconcretepiles,timberpilesorsteelsections(steelpipesorH-beams)oranynumberofotherelementtypes,regardlessoftheirmethodofinstallation.Althoughthetestmethodsmaybeusedfortestingsingleelementsorelementgroups,thetestresultsmaynotrepresentthelong-termperformanceoftheentiredeepfoundationsystem.1.2Thisstandardprovidesminimumrequirementsfortest-ingdeepfoundationelementsunderstaticlateralload.Projectplans,specifications,provisions,oranycombinationthereofmayprovideadditionalrequirementsandproceduresasneededtosatisfytheobjectivesofaparticulartestprogram.Theengineerinchargeofthefoundationdesign,referredtohereinasthefoundationengineer,shallapproveanydeviations,deletions,oradditionstotherequirementsofthisstandard.(exception:thetestloadappliedtothetestingapparatusshallnotexceedtheratedcapacityestablishedbytheengineerwhodesignedthetestingapparatus).1.3Apparatusandprocedureshereindesignated“optional”mayproducedifferenttestresultsandmaybeusedonlywhenapprovedbythefoundationengineer.Theword“shall”indi-catesamandatoryprovision,andtheword“should”indicatesarecommendedoradvisoryprovision.Imperativesentencesin...
