ASTM_D_3939_-_D_3939M_-_13.pdf

Designation:D3939/D3939M13Standard Test Method forSnagging Resistance of Fabrics(Mace)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3939/D3939M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method determines the snagging resistance of afabric.1.2 Studies of fabric snagging have shown that this testmethod is suitable for a range of woven and knitted fabricsmade from textured or untextured filament yarns or spun yarnsor combinations of these yarns.2,3This test method is notsuitable for(1)open construction fabrics(such as a net)because the points on the mace will snag the felt pad ratherthan the specimen,(2)very heavy or very stiff fabrics thatcannot be made to fit tightly on the drum and felt pad,and(3)tufted or nonwoven fabrics because the apparatus is designedfor woven and knitted fabrics.1.3 If after using this test method it is found to be too severefor your fabrics,an alternative method can be used,such as BS8479 Textiles:Method for Determination of the Propensity ofFabrics to Snagging and Related Surface Defects-RotatingChamber Method.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or in other units shallbe regarded separately as the standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem must be used independently of the other,withoutcombining values in any way.In case of referee decisions,theSI units will prevail.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 7.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1335 Test Method for Tuft Bind of Pile Yarn FloorCoveringsD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2724 Test Methods for Bonded,Fused,and LaminatedApparel FabricsD3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling for Apparel,Textile,Home Furnishing,and Leather ProductsD4467 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile TestMethod That Produces Non-Normally Distributed Data(Withdrawn 2010)5D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric TestMethodsD5362 Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics(Bean Bag)2.2 AATCC Standards:665 Test Method for Snag Resistance of Womens NylonHosiery(see Note 1)135 Test Method for Dimensional Changes in AutomaticHome Laundering of Woven and Knit FabricsNOTE1In 1988,the AATCC voted to withdraw this test method fromits technical manual;however,the ASTM task group on fabric snaggingdecided it should be listed as an alternative for testing open constructionfabrics.3.Terminology3.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this test method:(color contrast,in textiles;distortion,in fabrics;protrusion,infabrics;snag,in fabrics;snagging resistance,in fabrics),referto Terminology D4850.3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology D123.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,General.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published January 2013.Originallyapproved in 1980.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3939 11.DOI:10.1520/D3939-13.2Finnigan,J.A.,“Laboratory Prediction of the Tendency of a Fabric to SnagDuring Wear,”Textile Institute and Industry,Vol 10,No.6,1972,pp.164167.3Leung,P.,and Hershkowitz,R.,“Snag-and Fuzz-Resistant Double Knits viaFabric Construction,”Textile Research Journal,Vol 45,No.2,1975,pp.93102.4For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.6Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC),P.O.Box 12215,Research Triangle Park,NC 27709,http:/www.aatcc.orgCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A tubular specimen is placed on a cylindrical drum.Then a mace(spiked ball)bounces randomly against therotating specimen.Snags are produced to a degree affected bya variety of factors.The degree of fabric snagging is thenevaluated by comparison of the tested specimens with visualstandards that may be either fabrics or photographs of fabrics.The observed resistance to snagging is reported on a scaleranging from 5(no or insignificant snagging)to 1(very severesnagging).5.Significance and Use5.1 T