ASTM_D_3574_-_17.pdf

Designation:D357417Standard Test Methods forFlexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded,and MoldedUrethane Foams1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3574;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 These test methods apply to slab,bonded,and moldedflexible cellular products known as urethane foams.Urethanefoam is generally defined as an expanded cellular productproduced by the interaction of active hydrogen compounds,water,and isocyanates.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.NOTE1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard,howevercertain test methods in this standard have similar or equivalent ISOstandards and are listed in the scope of the individual test method sections.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul-canized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD737 Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile FabricsD3576 Test Method for Cell Size of Rigid Cellular PlasticsD3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of FlexibleCellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy SourceE162 Test Method for Surface Flammability of MaterialsUsing a Radiant Heat Energy SourceE662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of SmokeGenerated by Solid MaterialsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bonded foama product produced by the adhesion ofsmall pieces of urethane foam to each other with a suitablebonding agent.3.1.2 corethe internal portion of a molded part,free ofskin.3.1.3 cored foama flexible cellular material containing amultiplicity of holes(usually,but not necessarily,cylindrical inshape),molded or cut into the material in some pattern,normally perpendicular to the foam rise direction,and extend-ing part or all the way through the piece.3.1.4 convoluted foama flexible cellular material speciallycut into sheets with“egg carton”-like dimples.The dimplepeaks and bases can have varied shapes and dimensions.3.1.5 flexible cellular producta cellular organic polymericmaterial that will not rupture when a specimen 200 by 25 by 25mm is bent around a 25-mm diameter mandrel at a uniform rateof one lap in 5 s at a temperature between 18 and 29C.3.1.6 molded foama cellular product having the shape ofthe enclosed chamber in which it is produced by foaming.3.1.7 skinthe smooth surface layer of a molded foamproduct,formed by contact with the mold or surfaces.3.1.8 slaba section of foam that is cut from the internalportion of a large bun.3.1.9 urethane foama flexible cellular product producedby the interaction of active hydrogen compounds,water,andisocyanates.3.1.10 viscoelastic foama specially formulated urethanefoam characterized by having slow recovery,low resilience,and high hysteresis loss.3.1.11 cell counta measurement used to characterize dif-ferent types of foams based on the size of the individual cellsin the foam matrix,typically expressed as either average celldiameter or as the number of cells per linear distance.Formeasuring cell counts,see Test Method D3576.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on CellularMaterials-Plastics and Elastomers.Current edition approved March 1,2017.Published March 2017.Originallyapproved in 1977.Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D3574 16.DOI:10.1520/D3574-17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 3.1.12 clickabilitythe ability of a flexible cellular materialto recover from the pinching effects of die cu