ASTM_D_3966_-_D_3966M_-_07_2013e1.pdf

Designation:D3966/D3966M07(Reapproved 2013)1Standard Test Methods forDeep Foundations Under Lateral Load1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3966/D3966M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEDesignation was editorially corrected to match units information in June 2013.1.Scope1.1 The test methods described in this standard measure thelateral deflection of a vertical or inclined deep foundation whensubjected to lateral loading.These methods apply to all deepfoundations,referred to herein as“pile(s),”that function in amanner similar to driven piles or cast in place piles,regardlessof their method of installation,and may be used for testingsingle piles or pile groups.The test results may not representthe long-term performance of a deep foundation.1.2 These test methods provide minimum requirements fortestingdeepfoundationsunderlateralload.Plans,specifications,provisions,or combinations thereof prepared bya qualified engineer may provide additional requirements andprocedures as needed to satisfy the objectives of a particulartest program.The engineer in responsible charge of thefoundation design,referred to herein as the engineer,shallapprove any deviations,deletions,or additions to the require-ments of these test methods.1.3 These test methods allow the following test procedures:ProcedureTestSectionAStandard Loading8.1.2BExcess Loading(Optional)8.1.3CCyclic Loading(Optional)8.1.4DSurge Loading(Optional)8.1.5EReverse Loading(Optional)8.1.6FReciprocal Loading(Optional)8.1.7GSpecified Lateral Movement(Optional)8.1.8HCombined Loading(Optional)8.1.91.4 Apparatus and procedures herein designated“optional”may produce different test results and may be used only whenapproved by the engineer.The word“shall”indicates amandatory provision,and the word“should”indicates arecommended or advisory provision.Imperative sentencesindicate mandatory provisions.1.5 A qualified geotechnical engineer should interpret thetest results obtained from the procedures of these test methodsso as to predict the actual performance and adequacy of pilesused in the constructed foundation.See Appendix X1 forcomments regarding some of the factors influencing theinterpretation of test results.1.6 A qualified engineer shall design and approve all load-ing apparatus,loaded members,support frames,and testprocedures.The text of these test methods references notes andfootnotes which provide explanatory material.These notes andfootnotes(excluding those in tables and figures)shall not beconsidered as requirements of the test methods.These testmethods also include illustrations and appendices intendedonly for explanatory or advisory use.1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.8 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is usedwhen dealing with inch-pound units.In this system,the poundlbf represents a unit of force weight,while the unit for massis slugs.The rationalized slug unit is not given,unless dynamicF=ma calculations are involved.1.9 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.10 The method used to specify how data are collected,calculated,or recorded in these test methods is not directlyrelated to the accuracy to which the data can be applied indesign or other uses,or both.How one applies the resultsobtained using this standard is beyond its scope.1.11 ASTM International takes no position respecting thevalidity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitem mentioned in this standard.Users of this standard areexpressly advised that determination of the validity of any such1These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soiland Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.11 on DeepFoundations.Current edition approved July 1,2013.Published July 2013.Originally approvedin 1981.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3966 07.DOI:10.1520/D3966_D3966M-07R13E01.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 patent rights,and the risk of infringement of such rights,areentirely their own responsibility.1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards