ASTM_D_3605_-_17.pdf

Designation:D360517Standard Test Method forTrace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorptionand Flame Emission Spectroscopy1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3605;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium,lead,calcium,and vanadium in Specification D2880 GradeNos.0-GT through 4-GT fuels at 0.5 mg kg level for each ofthe elements.This test method is intended for the determina-tion of oil-soluble metals and not waterborne contaminants inoil-water mixtures.1.1.1 Test Method D6728 is suggested as an alternative testmethod for the determination of these elements in SpecificationD2880.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel OilsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD6728 Test Method for Determination of Contaminants inGas Turbine and Diesel Engine Fuel by Rotating DiscElectrode Atomic Emission Spectrometry3.Summary of Test Method3.1 The samples are prepared to conform with the require-ments of the method of standard additions,which is selected toobviate problems encountered with the direct analysis oftypical gas turbine fuels that exhibit significant variations inphysical properties.Different,but known,amounts of analyteare added to two portions of sample.These,together with theunaltered sample,are burned in the flame of an atomicabsorption instrument that measures light absorption by theatomized metals.The analysis of the sample portions withadded analyte provides the calibration information necessary tocalculate the analyte content of the unaltered sample.3.2 Lead is determined by atomic absorption in a premixedair-acetylene flame,and sodium is determined by atomicabsorption or atomic emission in a premixed air-acetyleneflame.Calcium and vanadium are determined by atomicabsorption or atomic emission in a premixed nitrous oxide-acetylene flame.3.3 Most experience with this test method has been in theatomic absorption mode,although flame emission has beenused successfully.Details in the subsequent sections arewritten for the atomic absorption mode.If the flame emissionmode is used,minor details in the subsequent sections must bealtered to conform to standard practice for flame emissionspectroscopy.The precision statement applies only to theatomic absorption mode.NOTE1Some GT fuel users may wish to determine potassium inaddition to other metals included in this method.Potassium can bedetermined in a manner similar to that for sodium using a potassiumhollow cathode lamp,(unless flame emission mode is used)a wavelengthof 766.4 mm,and an appropriate organo-potassium standard.Precisiondata for potassium have not been determined.4.Significance and Use4.1 Knowledge of the presence of trace metals in gas turbinefuels enables the user to predict performance and,whennecessary,to take appropriate action to prevent corrosion.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.Current edition approved June 1,2017.Published June 2017.Originallyapproved in 1977.Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D3605 16.DOI:10.1520/D3605-17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technica