ASTM_D_3524_-_14_2020.pdf

Designation:D352414(Reapproved 2020)Standard Test Method forDiesel Fuel Diluent in Used Diesel Engine Oils by GasChromatography1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3524;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the use of gas chromatographyto determine the amount of diesel fuel in used engine lubricat-ing oil.This test is limited to SAE 30 oil.The diesel fueldiluent is analyzed at concentrations up to 12%by mass.NOTE1This test method may be applicable to higher viscosity gradeoils.However,such oils were not included in the program used to developthe precision statement.1.2 This test method is limited to gas chromatographsequipped with flame ionization detectors and temperatureprogrammable ovens.NOTE2The use of other detectors and instrumentation has beenreported.However,the precision statement applies only when the instru-mentation specified is employed.1.3 There is some overlap of the boiling ranges of dieselfuel and SAE 30 engine oils.Moreover,the boiling range ofSAE 30 oils from various sources can vary appreciably.As aresult,the calibration can be altered by as much as 2%,interms of fuel dilution.When testing unknown or mixed brandsof used engine oil,it should be realized that the precision of themethod may be poorer than the precision obtained whencalibrating with a new oil representative of the used oil beingtested.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values stated in inch-pound units are for infor-mation only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas ChromatographicResponse FactorsE260 Practice for Packed Column Gas ChromatographyE355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-shipsE594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Usedin Gas or Supercritical Fluid ChromatographyE1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open TubularCapillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definition of gas chromatography terms,refer toPractice E355.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fuel dilution,nthe amount,expressed as apercentage,of diesel fuel found in engine lubricating oil.3.2.1.1 DiscussionFuel dilution may be the result ofengine wear or improper performance.3.2.2 fuel diluent,nin used oil analysis,is the unburnedfuel components that enter the engine crankcase causingdilution of the oil.3.2.2.1 DiscussionIn this method,the fuel diluent compo-nents being determined are from diesel fuel.3.3 Abbreviations:3.3.1 Acommon abbreviation of hydrocarbon compounds isto designate the number of carbon atoms in the compound.Aprefix is used to indicate the carbon chain form,while asubscripted suffix denotes the number of carbon atoms.For example:normal decane nC10iso-tetradecane iC141This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.Current edition approved Nov.1,2020.Published November 2020.Originallyapproved in 1976.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D3524 14.DOI:10.1520/D3524-14R20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.14.Summary of Test Method4.1 Gas chromatographic techniques are used for analyzingthe samples,by adding a known percentage of n-decane as aninternal standard,in order to determine the mass percent ofdiesel fuel in the lubricating oil.A calibration