ASTM_D_3450_-_15.pdf

Designation:D345015Standard Test Method forWashability Properties of Interior Architectural Coatings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3450;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relativeease of removing soilant discolorations from the dried film ofan interior coating by washing with either an abrasive ornonabrasive cleaner.1.2 This test method is limited to coatings having a CIE-Yreflectance of 60%or more,as measured in accordance withTest Method E1347.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints MeasuringKrebs Unit(KU)Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscom-eterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type GageE70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With theGlass ElectrodeE1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 soilant,na discoloring substance that clings to thesurface of a coating,whose dispersed color component is not insolution and therefore does not penetrate into the film.3.1.1.1 Discussionsoilant differs from stain in that thecolorant of a stain is in solution and,therefore,can penetrateinto the film.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The test material is applied to a black plastic panel andallowed to dry for 7 days.The reflectance of the film ismeasured(R1)and then a soilant consisting of carbon blackdispersed in mineral oil is applied on the film.The panel isplaced on a glass plate in a washability machine and the film iswashed with either an abrasive or nonabrasive scrub mediumfor 100 cycles.The panel is rinsed and dried and the reflectancein the stained area is read(R2).The ratio of the reflectance,R2/R1,is a measure of the degree to which the soilant has beenremoved.5.Significance and Use5.1 Interior architectural paints are often discolored by dirtand other soilant materials.This test method covers the relativeease and completeness of removal of a specific soilant fromsuch a surface by scrubbing.The greater the ease of soilremoval with a minimum of film erosion,the greater the usefulservice life is expected to be.5.2 Results obtained by this test method do not necessarilycorrelate with all types of soilants.5.3 Semigloss finishes generally require only the nonabra-sive type cleaner for good soilant removal,whereas flat paintsmay require the abrasive type.6.Apparatus6.1 Washability Tester,3also referred to as a straight linewashability machine.6.1.1 Accessory Apparatus:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.Current edition approved June 1,2015.Published June 2015.Originallyapproved in 1975.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D3450 00(2010)1.DOI:10.1520/D3450-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Model AG 8100(replaced by BYK-Gardner model 5060)from BYK-Gardner,Inc.,Gardner Laboratory,9104 Guilford Road,Columbia,MD 21046 and Model“D”from Paul N.Gardner Co.,Inc.,316 N.E.First St.,Pompano Beach,FL 33060were used originally in this test method.See RR:D01-1065.Straight-line washabil-ity testers may be adapted to meet the requirements of this method.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.1.1.1 Glass Plate,measured to fit,454 by 165 by 6.3 mm(1778by 612by14in.).6.1.1.2 Stainless Steel Pan.6.1.1.3“C”Clamps.6.1.1.4 Scale,standard.6.1.1.5 White Blotter.6.1.1.6 Holder,brass,measuring 95 by 76 by 25.4 mm(334by 3 by 1 in.).6.2 U-Shaped Film Caster,4having both a 0.18-mm(7-mil)clearance by 132 mm width and a 0.25-mm(10-mil)clearanceby 138 mm width.6.3 Film Applicator,76 mm(3 in.)width with 76-m(3-mil)clearance.6.4 Suction Plate for drawdowns(large size).6.5 45,0 Reflectometer,with green filter,as specified inTest Method E1347.6.6 Balance,w