ASTM_D_4340_-_19.pdf

Designation:D434019Standard Test Method forCorrosion of Cast Aluminum Alloys in Engine CoolantsUnder Heat-Rejecting Conditions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4340;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a laboratory screening proce-dure for evaluating the effectiveness of engine coolants incombating corrosion of aluminum casting alloys under heat-transfer conditions that may be present in aluminum cylinderhead engines.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses after SI units areprovided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precautionary statements are given in Sections 11 and12.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-tions of Engine Coolants orAntirusts for Testing Purposes3.Summary of Test Method3.1 In this test method,a heat flux is established through acast aluminum alloy typical of that used for engine cylinderheads while exposed to an engine coolant under a pressure of193 kPa(28 psi).The temperature of the aluminum specimenis maintained at 135 C(275 F)and the test is continued for 1week(168 h).The effectiveness of the coolant for preventingcorrosion of the aluminum under heat-transfer conditions(hereafter referred to as heat-transfer corrosion)is evaluated onthe basis of the weight change of the test specimen.4.Significance and Use4.1 It is essential that engine coolants prevent heat-transfercorrosion of aluminum cylinder heads during engine operation.Any corrosion products formed may deposit on interior radia-tor surfaces,reducing heat-transfer efficiency of the radiator.Overheating and boil-over of the cooling system may thenoccur.4.2 This test method provides a means for selectivelyscreening unused engine coolants and will readily distinguishthose coolants that are unsuitable for use with aluminumcylinder head engines.However,satisfactory performance of acoolant in this test method does not ensure adequate long-termservice performance.Additional,more comprehensive evalua-tions with simulated service,dynamometer,and vehicle testsshould be used to establish the long-term effectiveness of thecoolant.5.Apparatus5.1 Heat-Transfer Corrosion CellThe assembled corro-sion cell is shown schematically in Fig.1.It is assembled fromcomponents,some of which require glass blowing or machin-ing.The glass O-ring cell shall be constructed from two glassO-ring joints3joined to an additional middle section of glasstubing4of the same diameter to make a total length of 53 cm(21 in.).Heat-resistant O-rings5shall be used.Internal pressureshall be monitored using a suitable pressure gauge,and apressure-relief valve shall be installed to protect againstbursting.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.06 on Glassware Performance Tests.Current edition approved May 1,2019.Published June 2019.Last previousedition approved in 2010 as D434010.DOI:10.1520/D434019.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3O-ring joints with a low coefficient of expansion may be used.4High-strength glass with a low coefficient of expansion may be used.5Silicone O-rings may also be satisfactory.Polytetrafluoroethylene is notsuitable due to a high creep rate at the test temperature.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 5.1.1 The top assembly plate(shown in Fig.2)shall beconstructed of stainless steel,and the heat-transfer bar andbo