ASTM_D_3205_-_86_1991.pdf

Designation:D 3205 86(Reapproved 1991)Standard Test Method forViscosity of Asphalt with Cone and Plate Viscometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3205;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscos-ity of asphalt cements by means of a cone-plate viscometer.Itis applicable to materials having viscosities in the range from103to 1010P(102to 109Pas)and is therefore suitable for useat temperatures where viscosity is in the range indicated.Theshear rate may vary between approximately 103to 102s1andthe method is suitable for determination on materials havingeither Newtonian or non-Newtonian flow properties.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction Materials2D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup3D 93 Test Method for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup Tester3E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers43.Definitions3.1 viscositythe resistance to deformation or internal fric-tion of a liquid,expressed as the ratio of shear stress to shearrate,whether this ratio is constant or not.The unit of viscosityobtained by dividing the shearing stress in dynes/squarecentimetre by the rate of shear in reciprocal seconds is calledthe poise.The SI unit of viscosity has the dimensions ofpascal-seconds(Pas),and is equivalent to 10 P.3.2 Newtonian liquida liquid in which the rate of shear isproportional to the shearing stress.3.3 non-Newtonian liquida liquid in which the rate ofshear is not proportional to the shearing stress.4.Summary of Method4.1 The sample is placed between the cone-and-plate assem-bly which is then brought to the test temperature.Weightsacting through a pulley apply torque to the cone and theangular velocity of the cone is measured.Viscosity in poisesand shear rate in reciprocal seconds are calculated from theangular velocity,torque,and calibration constants.4.2 Some asphalt cements may fracture at shear stresseswithin the range of this instrument.This fracture stress may bereported.5.Significance and Use5.1 The rheological properties of asphalt cements are usedfor specification purposes for road pavement construction.Theinstrument provides measurements over a wide range oftemperatures for use in research and development of asphaltcements and other bituminous materials.6.Apparatus6.1 Cone-Plate Viscometer,5,6as shown in Fig.1 withmetric weights from 10 to 20 000 g.It is used for measuringthe viscosities in the range from 103to 1010P(102to 109Pas)at shear rates from 103to 102s1.Important dimensions ofeach cone and approximate constants are given in Table 1.Theapproximate data of Table 2 may be helpful in the selection ofthe proper cone and load.6.2 ThermometersCalibrated mercury-in-glass ther-mometers of suitable range and graduated to 0.1F(0.05C).They shall conform to the requirements of Specification E 1.Calibrated ASTM kinematic viscosity thermometers are satis-factory.Other thermometric devices are permissible providedtheir accuracy,precision,and sensitivity are equal or betterthan ASTM kinematic viscosity thermometers.6.3 BathAwater,alcohol,or ethylene glycol bath suitablefor the immersion of the plate and cone and of such height thatthe cone is immersed to a depth of at least 60 mm.Theefficiency of the stirring and balance between heat losses andheat input must be such that the temperature of the water doesnot vary by more than6 0.1F(0.05C).6.4 TimerA stop watch or other timer graduated in divi-sions of 0.1 s or less and accurate to within 0.01%when tested1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 onRheological Tests.Current edition approved Nov.28,1986.Published January 1987.Originallypublished as D 3205 73 T.Last previous edition D 3205 79(1985).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.02.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.03.5Sisko,A.W.,“Determination and Treatment of Asphalt Viscosity Data”Highway Research Board,Highway Research Record No.67,1965.6Manufactured by the Cannon Instrument Co.,P.O.Box 16,State College,PA16801.1AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS100 Barr Harbor Dr.,West Conshohocken,PA 19428Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.Copyright ASTMNOTICE:This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new