ASTM_D_3174_-_12.pdf

Designation:D317412Standard Test Method forAsh in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3174;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the inor-ganic residue as ash in the analysis sample of coal or coke asprepared in accordance with Practice D2013 or Practice D346.The results obtained can be applied as the ash in the proximateanalysis,Practice D3172,and in the ultimate analysis,PracticeD3176.For the determination of the constituents in ash,reference is made to Test Methods D3682,D4326 and D6349.Test Method D6357 should be used to prepare ash to be usedfor trace element analysis.See Terminology D121 for defini-tion of ash.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D121 Terminology of Coal and CokeD346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of CokeSamples for Laboratory AnalysisD388 Classification of Coals by RankD1757 Test Method for Sulfate Sulfur in Ash from Coal andCoke(Withdrawn 2009)3D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for AnalysisD2795 Test Methods for Analysis of Coal and Coke Ash(Withdrawn 2001)3D3172 Practice for Proximate Analysis of Coal and CokeD3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample ofCoal and CokeD3176 Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and CokeD3180 Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analysesfrom As-Determined to Different BasesD3682 Test Method for Major and Minor Elements inCombustion Residues from Coal Utilization ProcessesD4326 Test Method for Major and Minor Elements in Coaland Coke Ash By X-Ray FluorescenceD5016 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Coal and CokeCombustion Residues Using a High-Temperature TubeFurnace Combustion Method with Infrared AbsorptionD6349 Test Method for Determination of Major and MinorElements in Coal,Coke,and Solid Residues from Com-bustion of Coal and Coke by Inductively CoupledPlasmaAtomic Emission SpectrometryD6357 Test Methods for Determination of Trace Elements inCoal,Coke,and Combustion Residues from Coal Utiliza-tion Processes by Inductively Coupled Plasma AtomicEmission Spectrometry,Inductively Coupled PlasmaMass Spectrometry,and Graphite Furnace Atomic AbE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method,refer toTerminology D121.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Ash is determined by weighing the residue remainingafter burning the coal or coke under rigidly controlled condi-tions of sample weight,temperature,time,atmosphere,andequipment specifications.5.Significance and Use5.1 Ash,as determined by this test method,is the residueremaining after burning the coal and coke.Ash obtained differsin composition from the inorganic constituents present in theoriginal coal.Incineration causes an expulsion of all water,theloss of carbon dioxide from carbonates,the conversion of ironpyrites into ferric oxide,and other chemical reactions.Ash,as1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coaland Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.21 on Methods ofAnalysis.Current edition approved Nov.1,2012.Published December 2012.Originallyapproved in 1973.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D317411.DOI:10.1520/D3174-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 determined by this test method,will differ in amount from ashproduced in furnace operations and other firing systems be-cause incineration conditions influence the chemistry andamount of the ash.References for correcting ash resultsdetermined by this test method to a mineral-matter-free basisare listed in Classification D388,Section 9.6.Apparatus6.1 Electric Muffle Furnace for Coal or CokeFor deter-mination of ash of coal and coke,the furnace shall have anadequate air circulation and be capable of having its tempera-ture regu