ASTM_D_3087_-_91_2009.pdf

Designation:D308791(Reapproved 2009)Standard Test Method forOperating Performance of Anion-Exchange Materials forStrong Acid Removal1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3087;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the oper-ating capacity of anion-exchange materials when used for theremoval of hydrochloric and sulfuric acid from water.It isdesigned to simulate operating conditions for strong acidremoval and is intended for use in testing both new and usedmaterials.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The inch-pound units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1067 Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of WaterD1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-tivity of WaterD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2687 Practices for Sampling Particulate Ion-Exchange Ma-terials3.Terminology3.1 DefenitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology D1129.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The test method consists of repeated cycles ofbackwash,base regeneration,rinse,and exhaustion of thesample in the form of a bed in a transparent column.Theexhaustion medium used is an ion-exchange test water.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method can be used for evaluating performanceof commercially available anion-exchange materials regardlessof the basic strength of the ion exchange groups.Whenprevious operating history is known,a good interpretation ofresin fouling or malfunction can be obtained by comparisonagainst a reference sample of unused ion-exchange materialevaluated in the same way.5.2 While resistivity has been chosen as the preferredanalytical method for defining the exhaustion end point,withtitration as the alternative,it is understood that observation ofpH during rinse and the service run can yield useful informa-tion.The variations in pH observed with an ion exchangematerial suspected of having degraded,can be helpful ininterpretation of performance when compared with similar datafor a reference sample of unused material exhausted in thesame way.6.Apparatus6.1 Test Assembly(see Fig.1),consisting of the following:6.1.1 Column,transparent,vertically supported,25.4 62.5-mm(1.0 6 0.1-in.)inside diameter and approximately 1.5m(60 in.)long.The bottom of the column shall be closed andprovided with an outlet of approximately 6-mm(14-in.)insidediameter.Connections shall be provided at the top and bottomfor the admission and removal of the solutions described inSection 7.Adequate means for measuring and regulating theflow shall also be provided.The column shall be calibrated insuch a manner that the volume readings required by the methodcan be made(see Section 9).All measurements shall be madeat 25 6 5C.6.1.2 Support the sample at least 50 mm(2 in.)above thebottom of the column outlet using quartz,gravel,glass beads orother material from 1.5 to 3.5 mm(116to18in.)in diameter,insoluble in the reagents used,and retained on a corrosion-resistant screen.However,other supports may be used at thediscretion of the interested parties.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and IonExchange Materials.Current edition approved May 1,2009.Published June 2009.Originallyapproved in 1978.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D3087 91(2004).DOI:10.1520/D3087-91R09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.Reagents7.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.3Other grades may beused,provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high puritity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.7.2 Purity of Water Unless otherwise indicated,referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water conformingto Specification D119