ASTM_D_3163_-_01_2014.pdf

Designation:D316301(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forDetermining Strength of Adhesively Bonded Rigid PlasticLap-Shear Joints in Shear by Tension Loading1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3163;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method is intended to complement Test MethodD1002 and extend its application to single-lap shear adhesivejoints of rigid plastic adherends.The test method is useful forgenerating comparative shear strength data for joints madefrom a number of plastics.It can also provide a means bywhich several plastic surface treatments can be compared.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D907 Terminology of AdhesivesD1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading(Metal-to-Metal)D2093 Practice for Preparation of Surfaces of Plastics Priorto Adhesive BondingD4896 Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-JointSpecimen Test Results3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsMany of the terms used in this test methodare defined in Terminology D907.4.Significance and Use4.1 Due to the increased use of adhesive-bonded plastics asa result of the inherent advantages afforded by bonded ratherthan mechanically fastened joints,particularly the alleviationof stress raisers and stress cracking,there is a need for standardtests by which joints of various plastic substrates and adhesivescan be compared.This test method is intended to meet such aneed.4.2 This test method is limited to test temperatures belowthe softening point of the subject adherends,and is notintended for use on anisotropic adherends such as reinforcedplastic laminates.4.3 The misuse of strength values obtained from this testmethod as allowable design-stress values for structural jointscould lead to product failure,property damage,and humaninjury.The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtainedfrom a given small single-lap specimen may differ from thatobtained from a joint made with different adherends or by adifferent bonding process.The normal variation of temperatureand moisture in the service environment causes the adherendsand the adhesive to swell and shrink.The adherends andadhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisturecoefficients of expansion.Even in small specimens,short-termenvironmental changes can induce internal stresses or chemicalchanges in the adhesive that permanently affect the apparentstrength and other mechanical properties of the adhesive.Theproblem of predicting joint behavior in a changing environ-ment is even more difficult if a different type of adherend isused in a larger structural joint than was used in the smallspecimen.4.3.1 The apparent shear strength measured with a single-lap specimen is not suitable for determining allowable designstresses for designing structural joints that differ in any mannerfrom the joints tested without thorough analysis and under-standing of the joint and adhesive behaviors.4.3.2 Single-lap tests may be used for comparing andselecting adhesives or bonding processes for susceptibility tofatigue and environmental changes,but such comparisons mustbe made with great caution since different adhesives may1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.40 on Adhesives forPlastics.Current edition approved March 1,2014.Published March 2014.Originallyapproved in 1973.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3163 01(2008).DOI:10.1520/D3163-01R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 respond differently in different joints.See Guide D4896 forfurther discussion of the concepts relative to interpretation ofadhesive bonded single-lap joints.5.Apparatus5.1 Testing Machine,conforming to the requirements of andhaving the capabilities of the machine prescribed in TestMethod D1002.The grips are self-aligning and capable ofsecurely grasping the specimen throughout the test,withoutallowing the specimen to slip.5.2 Temperature-Controlling Equipment,capable of