Designation:D4149−82(Reapproved2012)StandardClassificationforSamplingPhytoplanktoninSurfaceWaters1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD4149;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thisclassificationcoversbothqualitativeandquantita-tivetechniquesthatareusedcommonlyforthecollectionofphytoplankton.Theparticulartechniquesthatareusedduringaninvestigationaredependentuponthestudyobjectives.Ofadditionalimportanceintheselectionofatechniqueistheunevendistributionoforganismsbothtemporallyandspa-cially.Thisclassificationdescribesqualitativeandquantitativewaysofcollectingphytoplanktonfrominlandsurfacewaters.Specifically,qualitativesamplersincludeconicaltownetsandpumps;quantitativesamplersincludetheClarke-Bumpusplanktonsampler,Judayplanktontrap,watersamplingbottles,anddepth-integratingsamplers.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:D1129TerminologyRelatingtoWater23.Terminology3.1Definitions:3.1.1FordefinitionsoftermsusedinthismethodrefertoTerminologyD1129.3.2DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStandard:3.2.1phytoplankton—isthecommunityofsuspendedorfloating,mostlymicroscopicplantsthatdriftpassivelywithwatercurrents.Frequently,phytoplanktonaredifferentiatedonthebasisofsize.Thegenerallyacceptedsizeranges,ascommonlyusedare(1):3Macroplankton>500µmMicroplankton(netplankton)10to500µmNannoplankton10to50µmUltraplankton<10µm4.SignificanceandUse4.1Becauseofthedirectassociationofphytoplanktonwiththewaterandthewatermassesthatmoveinresponsetowind-or-gravity-generatedcurrents,thespeciescompositionandabundanceofphytoplanktonarerelatedtowaterquality.Moreover,thephytoplanktondirectlyaffectwaterquality,notablydissolvedoxygen,pH,concentrationsofcertainsolutes,andopticalproperties.Attimestheabundanceorpresenceofparticularspeciesofalgaeresultinnuisanceconditions(2).4...
