ASTM_D_3385_-_09.pdf

Designation:D338509Standard Test Method forInfiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-RingInfiltrometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3385;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes a procedure for field mea-surement of the rate of infiltration of liquid(typically water)into soils using double-ring infiltrometer.1.2 Soils should be regarded as natural occurring fine orcoarse-grained soils or processed materials or mixtures ofnatural soils and processed materials,or other porous materials,and which are basically insoluble and are in accordance withrequirements of 1.5.1.3 This test method is particularly applicable to relativelyuniform fine-grained soils,with an absence of very plastic(fat)clays and gravel-size particles and with moderate to lowresistance to ring penetration.1.4 This test method may be conducted at the groundsurface or at given depths in pits,and on bare soil or withvegetation in place,depending on the conditions for whichinfiltration rates are desired.However,this test method cannotbe conducted where the test surface is below the groundwatertable or perched water table.1.5 This test method is difficult to use or the resultant datamay be unreliable,or both,in very pervious or impervious soils(soils with a hydraulic conductivity greater than about 102cm/s or less than about 1 106cm/s)or in dry or stiff soilsthat most likely will fracture when the rings are installed.Forsoils with hydraulic conductivity less than 1 106cm/s referto Test Method D5093.1.6 This test method cannot be used directly to determinethe hydraulic conductivity(coefficient of permeability)of thesoil(see 5.2).1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1452 Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling by AugerBoringsD2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of Soil and Rock by MassD2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils(Visual-Manual Procedure)D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD5093 Test Method for Field Measurement of InfiltrationRate Using Double-Ring Infiltrometer with Sealed-InnerRing3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor common definitions of terms in thisstandard,refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 incremental infiltration velocitythe quantity of flowper unit area over an increment of time.It has the same unitsas the infiltration rate.3.2.2 infiltrationthe downward entry of liquid into thesoil.3.2.3 infiltration ratea selected rate,based on measuredincremental infiltration velocities,at which liquid can enter thesoil under specified conditions,including the presence of anexcess of liquid.It has the dimensions of velocity(that is,cm3cm2h1=cm h1).1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.04 on HydrologicProperties and Hydraulic Barriers.Current edition approved March 1,2009.Published March 2009.Originallyapproved in 1975.Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D3385 03.DOI:10.1520/D3385-09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.4 infiltrometera device for measuring the rate of entryof liquid into a porous body,for example,water into soil.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The double-ring infiltrometer method consists of drivingtwo open cylinders,one inside the other,into the ground,partially filling the rings with water or other liquid,and thenmaintaining the liquid at a constant level.The volume of liquidadded to the inner ring,to maintain the liquid level constant isthe measure of the volume of liquid that infiltrates the soil.Thevolume infiltrated during timed intervals is converted to anincremental infiltration velocity,usually expressed in centime-tre per hour or inch per hour and plotted versus elapsed time.The maximum-steady state