ASTM_D_4092_-_21.pdf

Designation:D409221Standard Terminology forPlastics:Dynamic Mechanical Properties1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4092;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions anddescriptions of technical terms used in dynamic mechanicalproperty measurements on polymeric materials,includingsolutions,melts,and solids.Terms that are generally under-stood or defined adequately in other readily available sourcesare either not included or sources identified.1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-mation included in notes.It is reviewed every five years andthe year of the last review or revision is appended.1.3 Definitions identical to those published by anotherstandards organization or ASTM committee are identified withthe abbreviation of the name of the organization or the ASTMcommittee.1.4 Descriptions of terms specific to dynamic mechanicalmeasurements are identified with an italicized introductoryphrase.NOTE1This terminology standard is similar to ISO 67211 however,the ISO document cites fewer terms.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD2231 Practice for Rubber Properties in Forced Vibration(Withdrawn 1998)3E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing2.2 ISO Standards:4ISO 472:1988(E/F)DefinitionsISO 67211 1994(E)Plastics-Determination of DynamicMechanical Properties,Part 1,General Principles3.Terminology Definitions and Descriptionsalpha()loss peak(in dynamic mechanical measurement)the first peak in the damping curve below the melt,in orderof decreasing temperature or increasing frequency.(1981)beta()loss peak(in dynamic mechanical measurement)thesecond peak in the damping curve below the melt,in orderof decreasing temperature or increasing frequency.(1981)complex modulus,E*,K*,or G*the ratio of the stress tostrain where each is a vector that may be represented by acomplex number.E*=E+iEG*=G+iGK*=K+iKwhere:E*=complex modulus,measured in tension or flexure,E=storage modulus,measured in tension or flexure,E9=loss modulus,measured in tension or flexure,G*=complex modulus,measured in shear,G=storage modulus,measured in shear,G9=loss modulus,measured in shear,K*=complex modulus,measured in compression,K=storage modulus,measured in compressionK9=loss modulus,measured in compression,andi521,measured in compression.DISCUSSIONThe complex modulus may be measured in tension(E*),compression(K*),flexure(E*),or in shear(G*).(1981)complex shear compliance,J*the reciprocal of complexshear modulus.(1981)1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved Oct.1,2021.Published October 2021.Originallyapproved in 1982.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4092-07(2013).DOI:10.1520/D4092-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1J*51G*complex tensile compliance,D*the reciprocal of complextensile modulus.(1981)D*51E*critical damping(in dynamic mechanical measurement)thatdamping required for the borderline condition betweenoscillatory and nonoscillatory behavior.(1983).dampingthe loss in energy,dissipated as heat,that resultswhen a material or material system is subjected to anoscillatory load or displacement.(1981)dissipation factor see tan delta.dynamic mechanical measurementa technique