ASTM_D_3074_-_94.pdf

Designation:D 3074 94Standard Test Methods forPressure in Metal Aerosol Containers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3074;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of pressurein metal aerosol containers.1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:SectionsCan-Piercing Method6 to 9Valve Measurement Method10 to 131.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult andestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-ments2D 3064 Terminology Relating to Aerosol Products2E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers33.Terminology3.1 General definitions for packaging and distribution envi-ronments are found in Terminology D 996.3.2 General definitions of terms relating to aerosol productsare found in Definitions D 3064.4.Summary of Test Methods4.1 The Can-Piercing Test Method utilizes can-puncturingdevices for vapor-phase measurements.4.2 The Valve Measurement Test Method measures thepressure through the valve,using adapters that are inserted inthe valve stem,or form a seal around the top of the stem.5.Significance and Use5.1 The type of container specified by the Department ofTransportation(DOT)for an aerosol product is determined,inpart,by the pressure of the product.For many years,thestandard temperature for pressure measurements was 70F(21C).In recent years,the temperature was changed from 70to 130F(54C).5.2 A survey at the time the temperature was changedshowed that these two methods for measuring pressures at130F(54C)were in general use.These test methods can alsobe used for measuring pressures at temperatures other than130F(for example,70F(21C).5.3 There is little possibility of contaminating the gage withthe use of the Can-Piercing Test Method.However,the aerosolcontainer is destroyed.The use of the Valve Measurement TestMethod does not destroy the container.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-10 onPackaging and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.32 on ConsumerPackages.These test methods were originally developed by the Chemical Special-ties Manufacturers Assn.Current edition approved Nov.15,1994.Published January 1995.Originallypublished as D 3074 72.Last previous edition D 3074 74(1988)e1.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 15.09.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.03.FIG.1 Can-Piercing Assembly for Vapor Pressure Measurement1AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS100 Barr Harbor Dr.,West Conshohocken,PA 19428Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.Copyright ASTMNOTICE:Thisstandardhaseitherbeensupersededandreplacedbyanewversionordiscontinued.ContactASTMInternational(www.astm.org)forthelatestinformation.CAN-PIERCING TEST METHOD6.Apparatus6.1 Bath,constant-temperature,automatically controlled,with a maximum temperature variation of not more than60.5F(0.25C).Since temperatures other than 130F(54C)are often desired,the bath should have an operating range fromapproximately 60 to 150F(15 to 65C).The bath should be atleast 10 in.(254 mm)deep,and of sufficient radius to enable aminimum of three containers to be thermostated simulta-neously.A method of stirring should be provided to maintain auniform temperature throughout the bath.6.2 Thermometer,with 0.5F(0.25C)graduations.ASTMThermometer 12F,in accordance with Specification E 1,hasbeen found satisfactory.6.3 Pressure Gage Assembly(Fig.1),calibrated,with arange from 0 to 200 psi(0 to 1.4 MPa).Calibration can becarried out with a dead-mass tester,or with another gage ofknown accuracy reserved for calibration purposes.Since thepressures of most products do not exceed 160 psi(1 MPa)at130F(54C),a gage with a range from 0 to 200 psi isgenerally sufficient.The assembly is equipped with two valves.The prepressurizing valve provides an inlet or outlet forcompressed air.The gage valve isolates the aerosol containerfrom the gage assembly until the pressure is measured.NOTE1The gage is prepressurized for several reasons.All aerosolscontain air,and prepressurizing the gage avoids loss of air from thecontainer into the gage.Loss of air from the aerosol during the testdecreases the pressure in the container and produces erroneous results.6.4 Safety EquipmentLeather gloves and a face shieldmust be used when handling aerosol containers at 130F(54C).A safety shield must be placed in front of the bath toprotect the operator in case a container ruptures while in thebath.6.5 Can-Puncturing Unit(Fig.1),that can be easily c