ASTM_D_3328_-_06_2020.pdf

Designation:D332806(Reapproved 2020)Standard Test Methods forComparison of Waterborne Petroleum Oils by GasChromatography1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3328;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the comparison of petroleumoils recovered from water or beaches with oils from suspectsources by means of gas chromatography(1-3).2Such oilsinclude distillate fuel,lubricating oil,and crude oil.The testmethod described is for capillary column analyses using eithersingle detection(flame ionization)or dual detection(flameionization and flame photometric)for sulfur containing spe-cies.1.2 This test method provides high resolution for criticalexamination of fine structure that is resistant to weathering.The flame-photometric detection for sulfur components is anadjunct,not a substitute,for flame-ionization detection in theidentification of waterborne petroleum oils(4-12).For thisreason,flame photometric detection is optional.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2549 Test Method for Separation of Representative Aro-matics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling Oilsby Elution ChromatographyD3325 Practice for Preservation of Waterborne Oil SamplesD3326 Practice for Preparation of Samples for Identificationof Waterborne OilsD3415 Practice for Identification of Waterborne OilsD4489 Practices for Sampling of Waterborne OilsD5739 Practice for Oil Spill Source Identification by GasChromatography and Positive Ion Electron Impact LowResolution Mass SpectrometryE355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-ships3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,refer toPractice D3415,Terminology D1129,and Practice E355.4.Significance and Use4.1 Identification of a recovered oil is determined by com-parison with known oils,selected because of their possiblerelationship to the particular recovered oil.The known oils arecollected from suspected sources.Samples of such known oilsmust be collected and submitted along with the unknown foranalysis.At present,identification of the source of an unknownoil by itself cannot be made(for example,from a library ofknown oils).4.2 The use of a flame-photometric detector in addition tothe flame-ionization detector provides a second,independent1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 onWaterand are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods forAnalysis for Organic Substances in Water.Current edition approved Jan.1,2020.Published January 2020.Originallyapproved in 1974.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D3328 06(2013).DOI:10.1520/D3328-06R20.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end ofthis standard.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.profile of the same oil,that is,significantly more information isavailable from a single analysis with dual detection.4.3 Many close similarities(within uncertainties of sam-pling and analysis)will be needed to establish identity beyonda reasonable doubt.The analyses described will distinguishmany,but not all samples.For cases in which this method doesnot clearly identify a pair of samples,and for important caseswhere additional comparisons are needed to strengthenconclusions,other analyses will be required(refer to Practic