ASTM_D_3217_-_D_3217M_-_15.pdf

Designation:D3217/D3217M15Standard Test Methods forBreaking Tenacity of Manufactured Textile Fibers in Loop orKnot Configurations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3217/D3217M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of thebreaking tenacity of manufactured textile fibers taken fromfilament yarns,staple,or tow fiber,either crimped oruncrimped,and tested in either a double loop or as a strandformed into a single overhand knot.1.2 Methods for measuring the breaking tenacity of condi-tioned and wet(immersed)fibers in loop and knot form areincluded.1.3 Elongation in loop or knot tests has no knownsignificance,and is usually not recorded.1.4 The basic distinction between the procedures describedin these test methods and those included in Test MethodsD2101 is the configuration of the specimen,that is,either as adouble loop or in the configuration of a single overhand knot.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1577 Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile FibersD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2101 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Man-Made Textile Fibers Taken From Yarns and Tows(With-drawn 1995)3D2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for TestingD3333 Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers,Sliver,or Tow for TestingD3822 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single TextileFibersD4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers3.Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.58,Yarns andFibers,refer to Terminology D4849.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:breaking force,breaking tenacity,linear density for fiber andyarn,manufactured staple fiber,tenacity.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles,refer toTerminology D123.4.Summary of Test Methods4.1 Single-fiber specimens in the form of a loop as de-scribed in 9.4.1 are broken on a constant-rate-of-extension typetesting machine at a predetermined rate of elongation and thebreaking force is determined.4.2 Single-fiber specimens in the form of a knot as de-scribed in 9.4.2 are broken on a constant-rate-of-extension typetesting machine at a predetermined rate of elongation,and thebreaking force is determined.4.3 The breaking tenacity is calculated from the breakingforce registered on the force-elongation curve and the previ-ously determined linear density.5.Significance and Use5.1 Both the loop breaking tenacity and the knot breakingtenacity,calculated from the breaking force measured underthe conditions specified herein and the linear density of the1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 onTextiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns andFibers.Current edition approved Feb.1,2015.Published April 2015.Originallyapproved in 1973.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D3217/D3217M 13.DOI:10.1520/D3217_D3217M-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 fiber,are fundamental properties that are used to establishlimitations on fiber-processing and upon their end-use appli-cations.Physical properties,such as brittleness,not welldefined by tests for breaking force and elongation can beestimated from the ratio of breaking tenacity measured in loopor knot tests,or both,and the normal tenacity as measured byTest Method D3822.5.2 This test method is not recommended for acceptancetesting of commercial shipments in the absence of reliableinformation on between-laboratory precision(see Note 4).Insome cases the purchaser and the supplier may have to test acommercial shipment of one or more specific materials by thebest available method,even though the method has not beenrecommended for