ASTM_D_3106_-_07_2012.pdf

Designation:D310607(Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Method forPermanent Deformation of Elastomeric Yarns1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3106;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the perma-nent deformation of bare,continuous elastomeric monofila-ments and filament yarns made from rubber,spandex,anidex,or other elastomers subjected to prolonged periods of tension.This test method is applicable to elastomeric yarns having alinear density in the range from 4 to 320 tex(36 to 2900 den.).1.2 This test method is not applicable to covered,wrapped,core-spun yarns,or yarns spun from elastomeric staple.1.3 This test method was developed using yarns in the“as-received”condition,but may be used for treated yarnsprovided the treatment is specified.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD2433 Test Methods for Rubber Thread(Withdrawn 2012)3D4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers3.Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.58,Yarns andFibers,refer to Terminology D4849.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:breaking force,elastomeric yarn,elongation,elongation atbreak,extension,force,linear density,length distribution,permanent deformation,velveteen.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles,refer toTerminology D123.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The nominal linear density of the sample is known ordetermined and the elongation at the breaking force is deter-mined from representative specimens.4.2 A specimen from the sample is placed in a pair ofline-contact clamps and held at a selected elongation for aspecified period of time.The permanent deformation or non-recoverable stretch is measured after a specified recoveryperiod.5.Significance and Use5.1 Test Method D3106 for testing permanent deformationof elastomeric yarns is considered satisfactory for acceptancetesting of commercial shipments when there is prior agreementas to the exact value of elongation to be used for testing,sincecurrent estimates of between-laboratory precision are accept-able.5.1.1 If there are differences or practical significance be-tween reported test results for two laboratories(or more)comparative tests should be performed to determine if there isa statistical bias between them,using competent statisticalassistance.As a minimum,test samples that are as homoge-neous as possible,drawn from the material from which thedisparate test results were obtained,and randomly assigned inequal numbers to each laboratory for testing.The test resultsfrom the two laboratories should be compared using a statis-tical test for unpaired data,at a probability level chosen priorto the testing series.If bias is found,either its cause must befound and corrected,or future test results for that material mustbe adjusted in consideration of the known bias.5.2 Yarns are subjected to long periods of tension resultingin an appreciable amount of stretch during normal use.Aportion of the induced stretch may be permanent.The amountof permanent deformation is influenced by the amount oftension,the time the yarn is under tension and the timeavailable for recovery between successive uses.5.3 For optimum processing of elastomeric yarns,the per-manent deformation value should be low or zero.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns and Fibers.Current edition approved July 1,2012.Published August 2012.Originallyapproved in 1972.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3106 07.DOI:10.1520/D3106-07R12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.Apparatus6.1 Line-Contact Clamps,with one fixed clamp and onemovable clamp,assembled as directed in Appendix X1,and asshown in Fig.1.6.2 Tensioning Weights,10 mg to 3 g,to pretension thespecimens before final clamping.NOTE1Aluminum foil has been found to be suitable for use as